How  to evaluate the directing effects of the CH3 group in toluene ?

Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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How  to evaluate the directing effects of the CH3 group in toluene ?

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Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon which bears a methyl group (CH3) attached to the benzene ring. The IUPAC name of toluene is called methylbenzene and its molecular formula is C7H8. The presence of methyl group in toluene induces ortho-para directing effect and increases the reactivity of toluene towards electrophilic substitution reactions to form products which are ortho and para isomers.

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