How much heat is required to convert 49.5 g of ethanol at − 153 ∘C to the vapor phase at 78 ∘C? Express your answer in kilojoules to two significant figures. (Ethanol (C2H5OH) melts at −114 ∘C and boils at 78 ∘C. The enthalpy of fusion of ethanol is 5.02 kJ/mol, and its enthalpy of vaporization is 38.56 kJ/mol. The specific heat of solid and liquid ethanol are 0.97 and 2.3 J/(g⋅K), respectively.)
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
How much heat is required to convert 49.5 g of ethanol at − 153 ∘C to the vapor phase at 78 ∘C?
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