How many units of unsaturations does a compound with the formula C30H50Br2 have? Show your work. You may wish to review Section 7.2 in McMurry.

a-pinene When a-pinene reacts with 1. BH3; 2. H₂O2, NaOH, H₂O 4 possible cis,trans isomers can be formed, but one of these is formed more readily than the others. Draw the structure of this preferred isomer. • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • To aid you in your drawing, the structure of a-pinene is provided for you in the drawing palette.

12.Use of KMnO, to effect oxidative cleave of the alkene J, C3H16, yields two fragments, one of which is butanoic acid and the other a ketone, Q. When J reacts with one molar equivalent of H-Cl, the alkyl halide K, C3H17CI, is formed. What are the structures of J, J, and Q? Write all the reactions, and show your reasoning.

Explain the hybridisation of electron orbitals in a carbon atom (sp, sp2 and sp3), giving a detailed explanation, supported by suitable examples, of how sigma (s) and pi (p) bonds are formed. 2 Explain why alkenes are much more reactive than alkanes towards chlorine (C12) or bromine (Br2) in the dark at room temperature, and why alkanes do not react with HCI (g) or HBr (g) whereas alkenes do. please provide a diagram as well

1. An experimental technique called ¹3C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy allows chemists to tell how many different kinds of carbon there are in a molecule and whether carbons are primary (1°), secondary (2°), tertiary (3°), or quaternary (4°). Give dash (Kekule) structures (i.e., use lines for electron pair bonds) for the following compounds having a molecular formula C6H12. Also, on each structure, identify carbons as 1º, 2º, 3º, 4º; tell how many different kinds of C's there are; and designate which C's are equivalent. a) A compound having only single bonds and only secondary carbons. b) A compound having only single bonds and primary, secondary, and tertiary carbons. c) A compound having only single bonds and only primary, secondary, and quaternary carbons. d) A compound having only single bonds and primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbons.

What is a molecule that fits these three criteria: It should have a molar mass between 180 and 280 g/mol, contain a substituted cyclohexane like e. g. 5,6-dihydroxy-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, and be optically active.

"A research team synthesizes a novel organic compound 'X' with the molecular formula C5H8O2. When 'X' is treated with a deuterated acid (D2O), a single deuterium atom replaces a hydrogen atom, forming compound 'Y' (C5H7DO2). 'X' does not react with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNP) but does react with both Tollens' reagent and Benedict's solution, forming a silver mirror and a red precipitate, respectively. Furthermore, 'X' undergoes catalytic hydrogenation over a palladium catalyst, consuming one mole of hydrogen to form a compound 'Z' (C5H10O2). Based on these observations, what is the most likely structure of compound 'X'?" A. Methyl vinyl ketone B. 3-Buten-2-one C. Acetoacetic ester D. 2-Hydroxypent-3-enal

22

This is an isomer of C4H10O, and it’s not an alcohol. What could the structure be, and what are the degrees of unsaturation? Which peaks would correspond with which carbons?

please answer all parts :)