1 Matter And Measurements 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relations In Chemistry; Stoichiometry 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Gases 6 Electronic Structure And The Periodic Table 7 Covalent Bonding 8 Thermochemistry 9 Liquids And Solids 10 Solutions 11 Rate Of Reaction 12 Gaseous Chemical Equilibrium 13 Acids And Bases 14 Equilibria In Acid-base Solutions 15 Complex Ion And Precipitation Equilibria 16 Spontaneity Of Reaction 17 Electrochemistry 18 Nuclear Reactions 19 Complex Ions 20 Chemistry Of The Metals 21 Chemistry Of The Nonmetals 22 Organic Chemistry 23 Organic Polymers, Natural And Synthetic Chapter3: Mass Relations In Chemistry; Stoichiometry
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1QAP: One chocolate chip used in making chocolate chip cookies has a mass of 0.324 g. (a) How many... Problem 2QAP: The meat from one hazelnut has a mass of 0.985 g. (a) What is the mass of a millionth of a mole... Problem 3QAP: Determine (a) the mass of 0.429 mol of gold. (b) the number of atoms in 0.715 g of gold. (c) the... Problem 4QAP: How many electrons are in (a) an ion of Sc3+? (b) a mol of Sc3+? (c) a gram of Sc3+? Problem 5QAP: A cube of sodium has length 1.25 in. How many atoms are in that cube? (Note: dNa=0.968g/cm3.) Problem 6QAP Problem 7QAP: Calculate the molar masses (in grams per mole) of (a) cane sugar, C12H22O11. (b) laughing gas, N2O.... Problem 8QAP: Calculate the molar mass (in grams/mol) of (a) osmium metal, the densest naturally occurring... Problem 9QAP: Convert the following to moles. (a) 4.00103g of hydrazine, a rocket propellant (b) 12.5 g of tin(II)... Problem 10QAP: Convert to moles. (a) 128.3 g of sucralose, C12H19O8Cl3, the active ingredient of the artificial... Problem 11QAP: Calculate the mass in grams of 3.839 moles of (a) hydrazine, a rocket propellant. (b) caffeine,... Problem 12QAP: Calculate the mass in grams of 1.35 mol of (a) titanium white, TiO2, used as a paint pigment. (b)... Problem 13QAP: Complete the following table for TNT (trinitrotoluene), C7H5(NO2)3. Problem 14QAP: Complete the following table for citric acid, C6H8O7, the acid found in many citrus fruits. Problem 15QAP: Household ammonia used for cleaning contains about 10 g (two significant figures) of NH3 in 100 mL... Problem 16QAP Problem 17QAP: What is the molarity of each ion present in aqueous solutions of the following compounds prepared by... Problem 18QAP: What is the molarity of each ion present in aqueous solutions of the following compounds prepared by... Problem 19QAP: How would you prepare from the solid and pure water (a) 0.400 L of 0.155 M Sr(OH)2? (b) 1.75 L of... Problem 20QAP: Starting with the solid and adding water, how would you prepare 2.00 L of 0.685 M (a) Ni(NO3)2? (b)... Problem 21QAP: You are asked to prepare a 0.8500 M solution of aluminum nitrate. You find that you have only 50.00... Problem 22QAP: An experiment calls for a 0.4500 M solution of aluminum carbonate. The storeroom has only 32.00 g of... Problem 23QAP Problem 24QAP: Twenty-five mL of a 0.388 M solution of Na2SO4 is mixed with 35.3 mL of 0.229 M Na2SO4. What is the... Problem 25QAP: Turquoise has the following chemical formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)84H2O. Calculate the mass percent of... Problem 26QAP: Diazepam is the addictive tranquilizer also known as Valium®. Its simplest formula is C16H13N2OCl.... Problem 27QAP: Small amounts of tungsten (W) are usually added to steel to strengthen and harden the steel. Two... Problem 28QAP: Allicin is responsible for the distinctive taste and odor of garlic. Its simple formula is C6H10O2S.... Problem 29QAP: The active ingredient in Pepto-Bismo® (an over- the-counter remedy for an upset stomach) is bismuth... Problem 30QAP: The active ingredient in some antiperspirants is aluminum chlorohydrate, Al2(OH)5Cl. Analysis of a... Problem 31QAP: Combustion analysis of 1.00 g of the male sex hormone, testosterone, yields 2.90 g of CO2 and 0.875... Problem 32QAP: Hexachlorophene, a compound made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and oxygen, is an... Problem 33QAP: A compound NiX3 is 19.67% (by mass) nickel. What is the molar mass of the compound? What is the name... Problem 34QAP: A compound R2O3 is 32.0% oxygen. What is the molar mass of R2O3? What is the element represented by... Problem 35QAP: Manganese reacts with fluorine to form a fluoride. If 1.873 g of manganese reacts with enough... Problem 36QAP: Nickel reacts with sulfur to form a sulfide. If 2.986 g of nickel reacts with enough sulfur to form... Problem 37QAP: Determine the simplest formulas of the following compounds: (a) the food enhancer monosodium... Problem 38QAP: Determine the simplest formulas of the following compounds: (a) tetraethyl lead, the banned gasoline... Problem 39QAP: Nicotine is found in tobacco leaf and is mainly responsible for the addictive property of cigarette... Problem 40QAP Problem 41QAP: Beta-blockers are a class of drug widely used to manage hypertension. Atenolol, a beta-blocker, is... Problem 42QAP: Saccharin is the active ingredient in many sweeteners used today. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen,... Problem 43QAP: Hexamethylenediamine (MM=116.2g/mol), a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen atoms, is... Problem 44QAP Problem 45QAP: Epsom salts are hydrated crystals of magnesium sulfate, MgSO4xH2O.When 6.499 g of Epsom salts are... Problem 46QAP: Sodium borate decahydrate, Na2B4O710H2O is commonly known as borax. It is used as a deodorizer and... Problem 47QAP: Balance the following equations: (a) CaC2(s)+H2O(l)Ca(OH)2(s)+C2H2(g) (b)... Problem 48QAP: Balance the following equations: (a) C6H12O6(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)+H2O(l) (b)... Problem 49QAP: Write balanced equations for the reaction of sulfur with the following metals to form solids that... Problem 50QAP: Write balanced equations for the reaction of scandium metal to produce the scandium(III) salt with... Problem 51QAP: Write a balanced equation for (a) the combustion (reaction with oxygen gas) of glucose, C6H12O6, to... Problem 52QAP: Write a balanced equation for the reaction between (a) dihydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide gases... Problem 53QAP: Cyanogen gas, C2N2, has been found in the gases of outer space. It can react with fluorine to form... Problem 54QAP: Ammonia reacts with a limited amount of oxygen according to the equation... Problem 55QAP: One way to remove nitrogen oxide (NO) from smoke-stack emissions is to react it with ammonia.... Problem 56QAP: Phosphine gas reacts with oxygen according to the following equation: 4PH3(g)+8O2(g)P4O10(s)+6H2O(g)... Problem 57QAP: The combustion of liquid chloroethylene, C2H3Cl, yields carbon dioxide, steam, and hydrogen chloride... Problem 58QAP: Sand is mainly silicon dioxide. When sand is heated with an excess of coke (carbon), pure silicon... Problem 59QAP: When copper(II) oxide is heated in hydrogen gas, the following reaction takes place.... Problem 60QAP Problem 61QAP Problem 62QAP: When corn is allowed to ferment, the fructose in the corn is converted to ethyl alcohol according to... Problem 63QAP: Consider the hypothetical reaction 8A2B3(s)+3X4(g)4A4X3(s)+12B2(g)When 10.0 g of A2B3(MM=225g/mol)... Problem 64QAP: Consider the hypothetical reaction 2R2X5+2Z85X2+4RZ4When 25.00 g of Z8(MM=197.4g/mol)react with an... Problem 65QAP: When solid phosphorus (P4) reacts with oxygen gas, diphosphorus pentoxide is formed. Initially 2.87... Problem 66QAP: Chlorine and fluorine react to form gaseous chlorine trifluoride. Initially, 1.75 mol of chlorine... Problem 67QAP: When potassium chlorate is subjected to high temperatures, it decomposes into potassium chloride and... Problem 68QAP: When iron and steam react at high temperatures, the following reaction takes place.... Problem 69QAP: When solid silicon tetrachloride reacts with water, solid silicon dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas... Problem 70QAP: The first step in the manufacture of nitric acid by the Ostwald process is the reaction of ammonia... Problem 71QAP: Tin(IV) chloride is used as an external coating on glass to toughen glass containers. It is prepared... Problem 72QAP: A student prepares phosphorous acid, H3PO3, by reacting solid phosphorus triiodide with water.... Problem 73QAP: Cisplatin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, is a chemotherapeutic agent that disrupts the growth of DNA. If the current... Problem 74QAP: Magnesium ribbon reacts with acid to produce hydro- gen gas and magnesium ions. Different masses of... Problem 75QAP: Iron reacts with oxygen. Different masses of iron are burned in a constant amount of oxygen. The... Problem 76QAP: Acetic acid (HC2H3O2) can be prepared by the action of the acetobacter organism on dilute solutions... Problem 77QAP Problem 78QAP: The reaction between compounds made up of A (squares), B (circles), and C (triangles) is shown... Problem 79QAP: Represent the following equation pictorially (see Problem 78), using squares to represent A, circles... Problem 80QAP: Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia. Represent each nitrogen atom by a square and each... Problem 81QAP: Consider the following diagram, where atom X is represented by a square and atom Y is represented by... Problem 82QAP: Box A contains 36 atoms of arsenic (As) and 27 molecules of O2. Box B contains 18 molecules of... Problem 83QAP: One mol of ammonia reacts with 1.00 mol of oxygen to form nitrogen oxide and water according to the... Problem 84QAP: Suppose that the atomic mass of C-12 is taken to be 5.000 amu and that a mole is defined as the... Problem 85QAP: Suppose that Si28(1428Si) is taken as the standard for expressing atomic masses and assigned an... Problem 86QAP: Answer the questions below, using LT (for is less than), GT (for is greater than), EQ (for is equal... Problem 87QAP: Determine whether the statements given below are true or false. (a) The mass of an atom can have the... Problem 88QAP: Chlorophyll, the substance responsible for the green color of leaves, has one magnesium atom per... Problem 89QAP: By x-ray diffraction it is possible to determine the geometric pattern in which atoms are arranged... Problem 90QAP: A 5.025-g sample of calcium is burned in air to produce a mixture of two ionic compounds, calcium... Problem 91QAP: A mixture of potassium chloride and potassium bromide weighing 3.595 g is heated with chlorine,... Problem 92QAP: A sample of an oxide of vanadium weighing 4.589 g was heated with hydrogen gas to form water and... Problem 93QAP: A sample of cocaine, C17H21O4N, is diluted with sugar, C12H22O11. When a 1.00-mg sample of this... Problem 94QAP: A 100.0-g mixture made up of NaCl03, Na2CO3, NaCl, and NaHCO3 is heated, producing 5.95 g of oxygen,... Problem 95QAP: An alloy made up of iron (52.6%), nickel (38.0%), cobalt (8.06%), and molybdenum (1.34%) has a... Problem 24QAP: Twenty-five mL of a 0.388 M solution of Na2SO4 is mixed with 35.3 mL of 0.229 M Na2SO4. What is the...
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How many liters of 0.15 M KCl solution are needed to completely react with 5.53 L of 0. 175 M lead nitrate solution in accordance with the following balanced chemical reaction : 2 KCl(aq ) + Pb(NO3 )2 (aq ) → PbCl2 (s ) + 2 KNO3 (aq )
Definition Definition Transformation of a chemical species into another chemical species. A chemical reaction consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new ones by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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