How many grams of sodium hydroxide are required to produce 100mL of a 3M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution?

A patient has a “cholesterol count” of 214. Like manyblood-chemistry measurements,this result is measured inunits of milligrams per deciliter (mgdL1). Determine the molar concentration of cholesterol inthis patient’s blood, taking the molar mass of cholesterolto be 386.64gmol1. Estimate the molality of cholesterol in the patient’sblood. If 214 is a typical cholesterol reading among men inthe United States, determine the volume of such bloodrequired to furnish 8.10 g of cholesterol.

Every pure substance has a definite and fixed set of physical and chemical properties. A solution is prepared by dissolving one pure substance in another. Is it reasonable to expect that the solution will also have a definite and fixed set of properties that are different from the properties of either component? Explain your answer.

An experiment in a general chemistry laboratory calls for a 2.00-M solution of HCl. How many mL of 11.9 M HCl would be required to make 250 mL of 2.00 M HCl?

The following diagrams show varying amounts of the same solute (the red spheres) in varying amounts of solution. a. In which of the diagrams is the solution concentration the largest? b. In which two of the diagrams are the solution concentrations the same?

Fluoridation of city water supplies has been practiced in the United States for several decades. It is done by continuously adding sodium fluoride to water as it comes from a reservoir. Assume you live in a medium-sized city of 150,000 people and that 660 L (170 gal) of water is used per person per day. What mass of sodium fluoride (in kilograms) must be added to the water supply each year (365 days) to have the required fluoride concentration of 1 ppm (part per million)that is, 1 kilogram of fluoride per 1 million kilograms of water? (Sodium fluoride is 45.0% fluoride, and water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3.)

Addition of water to concentrated sulfuric acid is dangerous because it generates enough heat to boil the water, causing it to spatter out of the container. For this reason, chemists remember to add acid to water. In a dilution experiment, we calculate the amount of the more concentrated solution that must be measured out. If we place this concentrated solution (Figure 4.7) in the volumetric flask first, then dilute with water, we violate the caution Add acid to water. Describe a safer variation on the method shown in Figure 4.7 that allows the quantitative dilution of concentrated sulfuric acid. Figure 4.7 Preparing a dilute solution from a concentrated solution. (a) Draw the concentrated solution into a pipet to a level just above the calibration mark. (b) Allow the liquid to settle down to the calibration line. Touch the tip of the pipet to the side of the container to remove any extra liquid. (c) Transfer this solution to a volumetric flask. Again touch the pipet to the wall of the flask to ensure complete transfer, but do not blow out the pipet because it is calibrated for a small amount of liquid to remain in the tip. (d) Dilute to the mark with solvent. Frequently, especially with concentrated acids, it is best to have some solvent present in the volumetric flask before you add the concentrated sample.

When two beakers containing different concentrations of a solute in water are placed in a closed cabinet for a time, one beaker gains solvent and the other loses it, so that the concentrations of solute in the two beakers become equal. Explain what is happening.

Stock solutions of HCl with various molarities are frequentlyprepared. Complete Table 14.7 by calculatingthe volume of concentrated, or 12M, hydrochloric acidthat should be used to make 1.0 L of HCl solution witheach molarity listed.