How many grams of ammonium chloride must be added to 0.53 L of 1.7 M ammonia to prepare a pH = 10.01 buffer?

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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How many grams of ammonium chloride must be added to 0.53 L of 1.7 M ammonia to prepare a pH = 10.01 buffer? (See the Acid-Base Table.)

Acid Name
perchloric acid
hydrohalic acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
hydronium ion
iodic acid
oxalic acid
sulfurous acid
hydrogen sulfate ion
phosphoric acid
hydrofluoric acid
nitrous acid
lactic acid
formic acid
hydrogen oxalate ion
hydrazoic acid
acetic acid
carbonic acid
hydrogen sulfite ion
hydrosulfuric acid
dihydrogen
phosphate ion
hypochlorous acid
ammonium ion
hydrocyanic acid
hydrogen
carbonate ion
Conjugate Acid
HC1O4
HX (X = I, Br, Cl)
H₂SO4
HNO3
ammonia
hydroxide ion
H₂O¹+
HIO3
H₂C2O4
H₂SO3
HSO
H3PO4
HF
HNO2
HC3H5O3
HCHO2
HC₂0¹1-
HN3
HC2H3O2
H₂CO3
HSO¹-
H₂S
H₂PO¹1-
HCIO
NH1+
HCN
HCO3-
hydrogen phosphate ion HPO2-
HS¹-
hydrogen sulfide ion
water
H₂O
NH3
OH¹-
Ka
>> 1
>> 1
>> 1
>> 1
1.0
0.17
5.9 × 10-2
1.5 × 10-2
1.2 x 10-2
7.5 x 10-3
7.2 x 10-4
4.0 x 10-
-4
6.4 x 10-5
1.8 x 10-4
6.4 x 10-5
1.9 × 10-5
1.8 x 10-5
4.3 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-7
6.2 x 10-8
3.5 x 10-8
5.6 × 10-10
4.0 × 10-10
4.7 x 10-11
4.8 x 10-13
1.3 x 10-13
1.0 × 10-14
<< 10-14
<< 10-14
pKa
<0
<0
<0
<0
0.00
0.77
1.23
1.82
1.92
2.12
3.14
3.40
3.85
3.74
4.19
4.72
4.74
6.37
7.00
7.00
7.21
Conjugate Base
CIO¹-
X¹-
HSO4-
NO¹-
H₂O
103-
HC₂0¹1-
HSO3-
SO²-
H₂PO¹1-
Fl-
NO¹
C3H5O3-
CHO
C₂0²-
N²-
C₂H30¹2-
HCO3-
SO²-
HS¹-
HPO²-
CIO ¹-
NH3
CN¹-
7.46
9.25
9.40
10.33 CO
12.32 PO³-
12.89
S²-
14.00 OH¹-
NH₂-
0²-
Base Name
perchlorate ion
halide ion
hydrogen sulfate ion
nitrate ion
water
iodate ion
hydrogen oxalate ion
hydrogen sulfite
ion
sulfate ion
dihydrogen
phosphate ion
fluoride ion
nitrite ion
lactate ion
formate ion
oxalate ion
azide ion
acetate ion
hydrogen
carbonate ion
sulfite ion
hydrogen sulfide ion
hydrogen
phosphate ion
hypochlorite ion
ammonia
cyanide ion
carbonate ion
phosphate ion
sulfide ion
hydroxide ion
amide ion
oxide ion
Transcribed Image Text:Acid Name perchloric acid hydrohalic acid sulfuric acid nitric acid hydronium ion iodic acid oxalic acid sulfurous acid hydrogen sulfate ion phosphoric acid hydrofluoric acid nitrous acid lactic acid formic acid hydrogen oxalate ion hydrazoic acid acetic acid carbonic acid hydrogen sulfite ion hydrosulfuric acid dihydrogen phosphate ion hypochlorous acid ammonium ion hydrocyanic acid hydrogen carbonate ion Conjugate Acid HC1O4 HX (X = I, Br, Cl) H₂SO4 HNO3 ammonia hydroxide ion H₂O¹+ HIO3 H₂C2O4 H₂SO3 HSO H3PO4 HF HNO2 HC3H5O3 HCHO2 HC₂0¹1- HN3 HC2H3O2 H₂CO3 HSO¹- H₂S H₂PO¹1- HCIO NH1+ HCN HCO3- hydrogen phosphate ion HPO2- HS¹- hydrogen sulfide ion water H₂O NH3 OH¹- Ka >> 1 >> 1 >> 1 >> 1 1.0 0.17 5.9 × 10-2 1.5 × 10-2 1.2 x 10-2 7.5 x 10-3 7.2 x 10-4 4.0 x 10- -4 6.4 x 10-5 1.8 x 10-4 6.4 x 10-5 1.9 × 10-5 1.8 x 10-5 4.3 x 10-7 1.0 x 10-7 1.0 x 10-7 6.2 x 10-8 3.5 x 10-8 5.6 × 10-10 4.0 × 10-10 4.7 x 10-11 4.8 x 10-13 1.3 x 10-13 1.0 × 10-14 << 10-14 << 10-14 pKa <0 <0 <0 <0 0.00 0.77 1.23 1.82 1.92 2.12 3.14 3.40 3.85 3.74 4.19 4.72 4.74 6.37 7.00 7.00 7.21 Conjugate Base CIO¹- X¹- HSO4- NO¹- H₂O 103- HC₂0¹1- HSO3- SO²- H₂PO¹1- Fl- NO¹ C3H5O3- CHO C₂0²- N²- C₂H30¹2- HCO3- SO²- HS¹- HPO²- CIO ¹- NH3 CN¹- 7.46 9.25 9.40 10.33 CO 12.32 PO³- 12.89 S²- 14.00 OH¹- NH₂- 0²- Base Name perchlorate ion halide ion hydrogen sulfate ion nitrate ion water iodate ion hydrogen oxalate ion hydrogen sulfite ion sulfate ion dihydrogen phosphate ion fluoride ion nitrite ion lactate ion formate ion oxalate ion azide ion acetate ion hydrogen carbonate ion sulfite ion hydrogen sulfide ion hydrogen phosphate ion hypochlorite ion ammonia cyanide ion carbonate ion phosphate ion sulfide ion hydroxide ion amide ion oxide ion
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