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How is it possible that some, but not all, mutations get passed from one generation to the next?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter15: Genomes And Genomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10QP: What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually...

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.

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Statistically, are mutations almost always beneficial or harmful? Why?
Do mutations always cause negative impacts? Why or why not?
Although it is well known that X-rays cause mutations, they are routinely used to diagnose medical problems, including potential tumors, broken bones, and dental cavities. So why do we still use X-rays in medicine anyway? What precautions need to be taken?
One unexpected result of the sequencing of the human genome was the finding that mutations in a single gene can be responsible for multiple distinct disorders. How do you think mutations in a single gene can have such diverse effects?
What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?
What affect one or just a few base pairs in the DNA and thus alter only one gene at a time?
What is the purpose of genetic engineering?
Which, if any, of the following statements is false? a) Most of the inherited changes in our DNA arise because of exposure to extracellular mutagens, including radiation sources and chemical mutagens. b) Most of the inherited changes in our DNA arise because of unavoidable endogenous errors in cellular mechanisms and harmful effects of certain natural molecules and atoms within our cells. c) Errors in DNA replication and DNA repair are a major source of mutations in our cells. d) Significant chemical damage is sustained by DNA because of its proximity to water molecules in our cells.
Why should people care about mutations and about generating mutations?
What is the key component(s) of usher syndrome.A) The Effect of mutation and Hot-spots of mutation?B) What happens when things go wrong?
Is it possible for their to be a mutation where an individual has incomplete or missing sets of chromosomes? or Would that simply result in the loss of life? I would say an easier way to describe a genome is by calling it either a blueprint of DNA or referring it as one full set of genetic information.
A large portion of the human genome is transposons. Collectively, they are most likely: A) an equal mix of DNA and retrotransposons B) mostly DNA transposons because they are found in DNA C) mostly retrotransposons because they copy themselves each time they move D) mostly DNA transposons because they can cut themselves out