University Physics Volume 1 18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168277
Author: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
1 Units And Measurement 2 Vectors 3 Motion Along A Straight Line 4 Motion In Two And Three Dimensions 5 Newton's Law Of Motion 6 Applications Of Newton's Laws 7 Work And Kinetic Energy 8 Potential Energy And Conservation Of Energy 9 Linear Momentum And Collisions 10 Fixed-axis Rotation 11 Angular Momentum 12 Static Equilibrium And Elasticity 13 Gravitation 14 Fluid Mechanics 15 Oscillations 16 Waves 17 Sound Chapter8: Potential Energy And Conservation Of Energy
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 8.1CYU: Check Your understanding In Example 8.1 what are the potential energies of the particle at x=1 m and... Problem 8.2CYU: Check Your Understanding What are the values of the gravitational potential energy of the hiker at... Problem 8.3CYU: Check Your Understanding When the length of the spring in Example 8.3 changes from an initial value... Problem 8.4CYU: Check Your Understanding Suppose the mass in Equation 8.6 is doubled while keeping the all other... Problem 8.5CYU: Check Your Understanding A two-dimensional, conservative force is zero on the x- and y-axes, and... Problem 8.6CYU: Check Your Understanding Fend the forces on the particle in Example 8.6 when kinetic energy is 1.0 J... Problem 8.7CYU: Check Your Understanding How high above the bottom of its arc is the particle in the simple pendulum... Problem 8.8CYU: Check Your Understanding You probably recall that, neglecting air resistance, if you throw a... Problem 8.9CYU: Check Your Understanding What potential energy U(x) can you substitute in Equation 8.13 that will... Problem 8.10CYU: Check Your Understanding Repeat Example 8.10 when the particle’s mechanical energy is +0.25 J. Problem 8.11CYU: Check Your Understanding Find x(t) for the mass-spring system in Example 8.11 ii the particle starts... Problem 1CQ: The kinetic energy of a system must always be positive or zero. Explain whether this is true for the... Problem 2CQ: The force exerted by a diving board is conservative, provided the internal friction is negligible.... Problem 3CQ: Describe the gravitational potential energy transfers and transformations for a javelin, starting... Problem 4CQ: A couple of soccer balls of equal mass are kiched off the ground at the same speed but at different... Problem 5CQ: What is the dominant factor that affects the speed of an object that started from rest down a... Problem 6CQ: Two people observe a leaf falling from a tree. One person is standing on a ladder and the other is... Problem 7CQ: What is the physical meaning of a non-conservative force? Problem 8CQ: A bottle rocket is shot straight up in the air with a speed 30 m/s. if the air resistance is... Problem 9CQ: An external force acts on a particle during a trip from one point to another and back to that same... Problem 10CQ: When a body slides down an inclined plane, does the work of friction depend on the body’s initial... Problem 11CQ: Consider the following scenario. A car for which friction is not negligible accelerates from rest... Problem 12CQ: A dropped ball bounces to one-half its original height. Discuss the energy transformations that take... Problem 13CQ: “ E=K+Uconstant is a special case of the work energy theorem.” Discuss this statement. Problem 14CQ: In a common physics demonstration, a bowling ball is suspended from the ceiling by a rope. The... Problem 15CQ: A child jumps tip and down on a bed, reaching a higher height after each bounce. Explain how the... Problem 16CQ: Can a non-conservative force increase the mechanical energy of the system? Problem 17CQ: Neglecting air resistance, how much would I have to raise the vertical height if I wanted to double... Problem 18CQ: A box is dropped onto a spring at its equilibrium position. The spring compresses with the box... Problem 19P: Using values from Table 8.1, how many DNA molecules could be broken by the energy carried by a... Problem 20P: If the energy in fusion bombs were used to supply the energy needs of the world, how many of the... Problem 21P: A camera weighing 10 N falls from a small drone hovering 20 m overhead and enters free fall. What is... Problem 22P: Someone drops a 50 — g pebble off of a docked cruise ship, 70.0 m from the water line. A person on a... Problem 23P: A cat’s crinkle ball toy of mass 15 g is thrown straight up with an initial speed of 3 m/s. Assume... Problem 24P: A force F(x)=(3.0/x)N acts on a particle as it moves along the positive x-axis. (a) How much work... Problem 25P: A force F(x)=(5.0x2+7.0x)N acts on a particle as it moves along the positive x-axis. (a)How much... Problem 26P: Find the force corresponding to the potential energy U(x)=a/x=b/x2. Problem 27P: The potential energy function for either one of the two atoms in a diatomic molecule is often... Problem 28P: A particle of mass 2.0 kg moves under the influence of the force F(x)=(3/x)N. If its speed at x=2.0... Problem 29P: A particle of mass 2.0 kg moves under the influence of the force F(x)=(5x2=7x)N. If its speed at... Problem 30P: A crate on rollers is being pushed without frictional loss of energy across the floor of a freight... Problem 31P: A boy throws a ball of mass 0.25 kg straight upward with an initial speed of 20 m/s When the ball... Problem 32P: A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of... Problem 33P: Using energy considerations and assuming negligible air resistance, show that a rock thrown from a... Problem 34P: A 1.0-kg ball at the end of a 2.0-m string swings in a vertical plane. At its lowest point the ball... Problem 35P: Ignoring details associated with friction, extra forces exerted by arm and leg muscles, and other... Problem 36P: Tarzan grabs a vine hanging vertically from a tall tree when he is running at 9.0 m/s. (a) How high... Problem 37P: Assume that the force of a bow on an arrow behaves like the spring force. In aiming the arrow, an... Problem 38P: A 100 — kg man is skiing across level ground at a speed of 8.0 m/s when he comes to the small slope... Problem 39P: A sled of mass 70 kg starts from rest and slides down a 10 incline 80 m long. It then travels for 20... Problem 40P: A girl on a skateboard (total mass of 40 kg) is moving at a speed of 10 m/s at the bottom of a long... Problem 41P: A baseball of mass 0.25 kg is hit at home plate with a speed of 40 m/s. When it lands in a seat in... Problem 42P: A small block of mass in slides without friction around the loop-the-loop apparatus shown below .... Problem 43P: The massless spring of a spring gun has a force constant k=12N/cm . When the gun is aimed... Problem 44P: A small ball is tied to a string and set rotating with negligible friction in a vertical circle.... Problem 45P: A mysterious constant force of 10 N acts horizontally on everything. The direction of the force is... Problem 46P: A single force F(x)=4.0x (in newtons) acts on a 1.0-kg body. When x=3.5 m, the speed of the body is... Problem 47P: A particle of mass 4.0 kg is constrained to move along the x -axis under a single force F(x)=cx3 ,... Problem 48P: The force on a particle of mass 2.0 kg varies with position according to F(x)=3.0x2 (x in meters,... Problem 49P: A 4.0-kg particle moving along the x -axis is acted upon by the force whose functional form appears... Problem 50P: A particle of mass 0.50 kg moves along the x -axis with a potential energy whose dependence on x is... Problem 51P: (a) Sketch a graph of the potential energy function U(x)=kx2/2+Aex2 where k , A, and are constants.... Problem 52P: In the cartoon movie Pocahontas (https://openstaxcollege.org/I/2lpocahontclip) Pocahontas runs to... Problem 53P: In the reality television show “Amazing Race” (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/2lamazraceclip), a... Problem 54P: In the Back to the Future movies (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/2lbactofutclip), a DeLorean car of... Problem 55P: In the Hunger Games movie (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/21HungGamesclip), Katniss Everdeen fires a... Problem 56P: In a “Top Fail” video (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/21topfailvideo), two women run at each other... Problem 57P: In a Coyote/Road Runner cartoon clip (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/21coyroadcarcl), a spring... Problem 58P: In an iconic movie scene, Forrest Gump (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/21ForrGumpvid) runs around the... Problem 59P: In the movie Monty Python and the Holy Grail (https://openstaxcollege. org/l/21monpytmovcl) a cow is... Problem 60P: A 60.0-kg skier with an initial speed of 12.0 m/s coasts up a 2.50-m high rise as shown. Find her... Problem 61P: (a) How high a hill can a car coast up (engines disengaged) if work done by friction is negligible... Problem 62P: A 5.00105kg subway train is brought to a stop from a speed of 0.500 m/s in 0.400 m by a large spring... Problem 63P: A pogo stick has a spring with a spring constant of 2.5104N/m , which can be compressed 12.0 cm. To... Problem 64P: A block of mass 500 g is attached to a spring of spring constant 80 N/m (see the following figure).... Problem 65P: A block of mass 200 g is attached at the end of a massless spring of spring constant 50 N/m. The... Problem 66P: A T-shirt cannon launches a shirt at 5.00 m/s from a platform height of 3.00 m from ground level.... Problem 67P: A child (32 kg) jumps up and down on a trampoline. The trampoline exerts a spring restoring force on... Problem 68P: Shown below is a box of mass m1 that sits on a frictionless incline at an angle above the horizontal... Problem 69AP: A massless spring with force constant k=200N/m hangs from the ceiling. A 2.0-kg block is attached to... Problem 70AP: A particle of mass 2.0 kg moves under the influence of the force F(x)=(5x2=7x)N . Suppose a... Problem 71AP: Block 2 shown below slides along a frictionless table as block 1 falls. Both blocks are attached by... Problem 72AP: A body of mass m and negligible size starts from rest and slides down the surface of a frictionless... Problem 73AP: A mysterious force acts on all particles along a particular line and always points towards a... Problem 74AP: An object of mass 10 kg is released at point A, slides to the bottom of the 30 incline, then... Problem 75AP: Shown below is a small ball of mass m attached to a string of length a. A small peg is located a... Problem 76AP: A block leaves a frictionless inclined surface horizontally after dropping off by a height h. Find... Problem 77AP: A block of mass m, after sliding down a frictionless incline, strikes another block of mass M that... Problem 78AP: A block of mass 300 g is attached to a spring of spring constant 100 N/m. The other end of the... Problem 79AP: Consider a block of mass 0.200 kg attached to a spring of spring constant 100 N/m. The block is... Problem 80AP: A skier starts from rest and slides downhill. What will be the speed of the skier if he drops by 20... Problem 81AP: Repeat the preceding problem, but this time, suppose that the work done by air resistance cannot be... Problem 82AP: Two bodies are interacting by a conservative force Show that the mechanical energy of an isolated... Problem 83AP: In an amusement park, a car rolls in a track as shown below. Find the speed of the car at A, B, and... Problem 84AP: A 200-g steel ball is tied to a 2.00m “massless” string and hung from the ceiling to make a... Problem 85AP: A 300 g hockey puck is shot across an ice-covered pond. Before the hockey puck was hit, the puck was... Problem 86AP: A projectile of mass 2 kg is fired with a speed of 20 m/s at an angle of 30 with respect to the... Problem 87AP: An artillery shell is fired at a target 200 m above the ground. When the shell is 100 m in the air,... Problem 88AP: How much energy is lost to a dissipative drag force if a 60-kg person falls at a constant speed for... Problem 89AP: A box slides on a frictionless surface with a total energy of 50 J. It hits a spring and compresses... Problem 61P: (a) How high a hill can a car coast up (engines disengaged) if work done by friction is negligible...
Related questions
(a)
How high (in m) a hill can a car coast up (engine disengaged) if friction is negligible and its initial speed is 96.0 km/h? (Enter a number.)
(b)
If, in actuality, a 750 kg car with an initial speed of 96.0 km/h is observed to coast up a hill to a height 15.0 m above its starting point, how much thermal energy (in J) was generated by friction? (Enter a number.)
(c)
What is the average force of friction (down the slope) if the hill has a slope 2.5° above the horizontal? (Enter your answer in N. Enter a number.)
Definition Definition Force that opposes motion when the surface of one item rubs against the surface of another. The unit of force of friction is same as the unit of force.
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