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How does this particular issue or problem impact the well-being of humans today

How does this particular issue or problem impact the well-being of humans today

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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Read the news article that depicts an issue or problem in science and technology. Then, answer the question:

1. How does this particular issue or problem impact the well-being of humans today?

B-6 Science & Technology....... Editor: ANTONIO R. PAÑO THE PHILIPPINE STAR BUSINESS At first glance, coral simply looks like either a rock (if it is hard coral which has an outer skeleton made of limestone) or a plant (if it is soft coral which does not produce a limestone skeleton). But actually, coral is a colony of tiny animals called coral polyps. Each coral polyp can roughly be described as having a body (that looks like your wrist and hand pointing up) with tentacles (which look like your fingers) and a mouth (imagine a hole in the center of your palm). Living inside the body tissue of each coral polyp are microscopic plants (called "zooxanthellae"). These tiny algae produce nutrients for the polyp. The coral returns the favor by pro- viding the algae with a place to live. Algae come in a rain- bow of colors. It is the algae living inside the coral, which give color to the coral. When corals are severely stressed, these are forced to release the algae living in their tissues. This is a last ditch effort by the corals to save themselves. Without the algae, corals lose their color and turn white, hence the term "coral bleaching." For corals, "bleaching" means not just a change in their color, it also means they are already in a life-or-death situa- tion. (Please note that when coral is newly bleached, it is not yet dead. If the source of stress is removed and if not too much time has passed, it may still be possible for the coral to recover.) Philippine coral reefs-in hot wat Imagine taking a dip in a hot spring for 10 to 30 minutes - what a relaxing thought! But imagine being in a hot spring for several hours, or even days-that certainly would not be good for your health. That is the situation our coral reefs find themselves in. Since last May, the water temperature of the western Philippines (from Luzon to the Visayas, Palawan and Mindanao) has been 2 to 3°C above normal. The abnor- mally high water temperature is killing plenty of coral. What is coral bleaching? Latest findings In 1998, a significant bleaching killed over 90 percent of the corals in 19 percent of coral reefs worldwide. For the past STAR SCIENCE By NINO JACINTO Philippine reefs are now experiencing one of the worst bleaching events since 1998. Due to the warming of the seas, the country is bound to lose a lot of corals, including century-old coral colonies such as this massive Porites sp. found in Taytay, Palawan. The reefs of Taytay and other parts of Palawan are the worst hit areas. MAGS QUIBILAN few months, scientists from the University of the Philip- pines-Marine Science Institute (UP MSI) and De La Salle University's Br. Alfred Shields Marine Station have gathered data indicating that a massive bleaching event may be unfolding in our seas. Dr. Perry Aliño of the UP MSI says that up to 75 percent of our corals may be severely affected. This is a worrisome scenario because we have so few healthy Thursday, September reefs left, according to Dr. Al Licuanan of the DLS studies show that if major bleaching events occur years, then in 50 years, only 11 percent of our coral remain. If major bleaching was to occur more ofte every five years), only one percent of our corals w after 50 years. Recent analyses involving many loc tists show one third of all coral species worldwide more likely to go extinct because of climate chang impacts. Much to lose Bleaching has a huge negative impact, not only but also on man. If coral bleaches and is unable to then it dies and becomes covered with long tufts Residents of the diverse marine community, whos revolve around the coral reef, disappear. Small fis feed either on the coral or on algae disappear, tog the bigger fish which feed on them. Shrimps, crab sea cucumbers, squids, sea snails, etc. have to leav reef. Ultimately, the local community suffers becal catch is greatly affected, together with income fro According to Mags Quibilan of UP MSI, the bleach of 1998 resulted in an income loss of $15 million f Nido area in Palawan. We can help Report sightings of bleached coral to the Phil Coral Bleaching Watch on Facebook. • To give coral as much chance as possible to re the high temperature of the ocean, reduce the oth of stress for coral, such as: -Sedimentation - Soil that goes into the ocear of agricultural run-off, coastal development, and . coral. -Pollution - Corals need clean and clear wate Destructive fishing methods - overfishing, I ing, cyanide fishing -Garbage - Please do not throw litter into the
Transcribed Image Text:B-6 Science & Technology....... Editor: ANTONIO R. PAÑO THE PHILIPPINE STAR BUSINESS At first glance, coral simply looks like either a rock (if it is hard coral which has an outer skeleton made of limestone) or a plant (if it is soft coral which does not produce a limestone skeleton). But actually, coral is a colony of tiny animals called coral polyps. Each coral polyp can roughly be described as having a body (that looks like your wrist and hand pointing up) with tentacles (which look like your fingers) and a mouth (imagine a hole in the center of your palm). Living inside the body tissue of each coral polyp are microscopic plants (called "zooxanthellae"). These tiny algae produce nutrients for the polyp. The coral returns the favor by pro- viding the algae with a place to live. Algae come in a rain- bow of colors. It is the algae living inside the coral, which give color to the coral. When corals are severely stressed, these are forced to release the algae living in their tissues. This is a last ditch effort by the corals to save themselves. Without the algae, corals lose their color and turn white, hence the term "coral bleaching." For corals, "bleaching" means not just a change in their color, it also means they are already in a life-or-death situa- tion. (Please note that when coral is newly bleached, it is not yet dead. If the source of stress is removed and if not too much time has passed, it may still be possible for the coral to recover.) Philippine coral reefs-in hot wat Imagine taking a dip in a hot spring for 10 to 30 minutes - what a relaxing thought! But imagine being in a hot spring for several hours, or even days-that certainly would not be good for your health. That is the situation our coral reefs find themselves in. Since last May, the water temperature of the western Philippines (from Luzon to the Visayas, Palawan and Mindanao) has been 2 to 3°C above normal. The abnor- mally high water temperature is killing plenty of coral. What is coral bleaching? Latest findings In 1998, a significant bleaching killed over 90 percent of the corals in 19 percent of coral reefs worldwide. For the past STAR SCIENCE By NINO JACINTO Philippine reefs are now experiencing one of the worst bleaching events since 1998. Due to the warming of the seas, the country is bound to lose a lot of corals, including century-old coral colonies such as this massive Porites sp. found in Taytay, Palawan. The reefs of Taytay and other parts of Palawan are the worst hit areas. MAGS QUIBILAN few months, scientists from the University of the Philip- pines-Marine Science Institute (UP MSI) and De La Salle University's Br. Alfred Shields Marine Station have gathered data indicating that a massive bleaching event may be unfolding in our seas. Dr. Perry Aliño of the UP MSI says that up to 75 percent of our corals may be severely affected. This is a worrisome scenario because we have so few healthy Thursday, September reefs left, according to Dr. Al Licuanan of the DLS studies show that if major bleaching events occur years, then in 50 years, only 11 percent of our coral remain. If major bleaching was to occur more ofte every five years), only one percent of our corals w after 50 years. Recent analyses involving many loc tists show one third of all coral species worldwide more likely to go extinct because of climate chang impacts. Much to lose Bleaching has a huge negative impact, not only but also on man. If coral bleaches and is unable to then it dies and becomes covered with long tufts Residents of the diverse marine community, whos revolve around the coral reef, disappear. Small fis feed either on the coral or on algae disappear, tog the bigger fish which feed on them. Shrimps, crab sea cucumbers, squids, sea snails, etc. have to leav reef. Ultimately, the local community suffers becal catch is greatly affected, together with income fro According to Mags Quibilan of UP MSI, the bleach of 1998 resulted in an income loss of $15 million f Nido area in Palawan. We can help Report sightings of bleached coral to the Phil Coral Bleaching Watch on Facebook. • To give coral as much chance as possible to re the high temperature of the ocean, reduce the oth of stress for coral, such as: -Sedimentation - Soil that goes into the ocear of agricultural run-off, coastal development, and . coral. -Pollution - Corals need clean and clear wate Destructive fishing methods - overfishing, I ing, cyanide fishing -Garbage - Please do not throw litter into the
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