How does the optimization of fitness explain the results from experiments on central place foraging and risk- sensitive foraging ?
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- The coefficient of relatedness between you and your uncle on your dad's side is O 0.25 O 0.5 0.125 O 0.75Consider the data that are summarised in the figure i. The data in part (a) are consistent with the hypothesis that alarm calling only in female black-tailed prairie dogs evolved in accordance with kin selection. ii. On the basis of the data in part (a), male black-tailed prairie dogs without kin in their home coteries almost are as likely (i.e., within 10%) to produce alarm calls as are female black-tailed prairie dogs with kin in their home coteries.iii. On the basis of the data in the figure, males and females produce alarm calls more often when the kin that they live with are offspring than when the kin that they live with are parents and siblings.iv. On the basis of the data in part (b), alarm calls in black-tailed prairie dogs constitute merely parental care (i.e., rather than altruism).v. On the basis of the data in part (b), mean alarm calling percentage is greater for male black-tailed prairie dogs than for female black-tailed prairie dogs. Question 2 options:…Explain, draw, and provide example of directional, stabilizing and disruptive selection.
- Q4.21. Which of the following offers the best explanation of the principle of allocation, a concept underlying nearly every trade-off represented by a life history strategy? O Life-history strategies are plastic, meaning that individuals can adjust course. OIndividuals can grow large or have high fecundity, but not both. O Resources devoted to one function or trait cannot be devoted to another. Individuals can be long lived or they can grow fast, but not both.Alert dont submit AI generated answer. Imagine you are a UX designer working on a mobile app for a healthcare provider. The app is intended for patients to manage their medical appointments, access health records, and receive notifications for medication reminders. You want to ensure the user interface is intuitive and efficient. Utilizing cognitive modeling principles, describe the steps you would take to design the user interface for the healthcare app. Consider the cognitive processes involved when users schedule appointments, access their health records, and receive medication reminders. How would you apply cognitive modeling to create a user-friendly and efficient interface for this specific application? Provide concrete examples or sketches if necessary.How does bottleneck effect relate to the founder effect? is the founder effect a consequence of the bottleneck effect?
- Bayesian updating can be a useful tool for thinking about the development of behavior. Imagine the following scenario with respect to an animal’s knowledge of the average density of food in patches in their environment. Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of this Bayesian view of this animal? Their environment is much richer in food resources than expected Their confidence in their assessment of the state of the environment is greater after they go out and sample the world Their environment is less rich than expected – perhaps there is a drought that has caused a crash in food availability relative to historical conditions All of the aboveWhich form of conditioning is used most for behavior modification? Why does this form work better? Why would Classical Conditioning help someone in their daily life functioning? Which form of conditioning would you most likely see in a classroom setting? Create your own examples of each form of conditioning. Be sure to include the following information in your answer. In addressing classical conditioning: Identify UCS, UCR, NS, CS, and CR. Discuss any stimulus generalization that you observed. Discuss any extinction and spontaneous that occurred. In addressing operant conditioning: Identify negative and positive reinforcements and punishments. Label the schedule of reinforcement or punishment.Now consider the illustration above that shows data on how often white fronted bee eater birds will feed the offspring of other birds as a function of the relatedness to those birds. 100 80 Merops bullockoides Unrelated Cousin (0%) (-12%) Half sib (25%) Full sib (50%) Relationship to nestlings Do these data support the conclusion that altruistic behavior, specifically kin selection, is occurring here? Specifically do the data satisfy Hamilton's rule for altruistic behavior and what specifically in the data would represent the terms C and r in Hamilton's equation? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt v Paragraph V BI V T² V Underline Percentage of individuals that help 60 40- 20 0
- What is fitness? To what degree does fitness dependon the environment in which organisms live?You are working on an undergraduate project, studying an insect species. A recent study showed that the pigmentation pattern used for camouflage is made by an enzyme K. However, it has been shown that, when compared to the Kk individuals, the KK homozygotes would have a higher chance of dying from pigment overdose before growing up, while the kk individuals can easily fall to predation before becoming adults. In fact, when compared to the Kk individuals, the estimated selection coefficients for KK and kk are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. You are interested in what would happen to these alleles. At present, you have conducted a population survey and have 1000 larvae in your collection. Among them, 360 are KK, 480 Kkand 160 kk. 1)How many larvae would survive to adulthood a) 170 b) 414 c)583 d)750 e)830 2)Following up the previous question, what would be the KK genotype frequency at the adult? a) 0.090 b) 0.270 c) 0.325 d) 0.360 e) 0.529 3)Following up on the previous question,…Suppose there is a deleterious mutation in some human gene that causes loss of function very late in life. Which of the following statements is LEAST supported? Selection against this mutation is weak The equilibrium frequency of this mutation will depend on its mutation rate The mutation affects fitness but not senescence Selection against this allele depends on extrinsic mortality.