Q: What are the most common methods of male and female surgical sterilization?
A: Fertilization is a natural process of producing children and offspring where the male gamete(sperm)…
Q: Why is it necessary to maintain aseptic conditions in microbiology?
A: Aseptic conditions means microbs free environment. Microbs means bacteria, virus and fungi. It may…
Q: What is the importance of agar plates and bacteria cultures in food microbiology?
A: There are different culturing techniques such as agar plates, broth culture, stab culture and solid…
Q: What growth factor is often supplied for cultivation of fastidious bacterial pathogens?
A: A fastidious organism requires specific nutrients for growth. In microbiology, the culture medium…
Q: How does pasteurization help us in our everyday life even before it was discovered?
A: As recently as the nineteenth century, humans risked serious illness or even death by drinking…
Q: Why are microorganisms called extremophiles?
A: Microorganisms are simplest form of organisms that cannot be seen by the unaided eye and are present…
Q: Why do we test water for coliforms if they are not considered pathogenic?
A: Introduction Coliforms are gram-negative, non-sporulating and motile or immotile bacteria. They…
Q: How is the CTSA (Coconut tryptic soy agar) growth medium designed to meet the nutritional need of…
A: Coconut trypic soy agar media are general-purpose, non-selective media that provide enough nutrients…
Q: How does McConkey agar serve as both selective medium and differential medium ?
A: MacConkey agar is a culture media that contain bile salts, crystal violet dye, neutral red dye along…
Q: Why is heat an effective sterilizing agent?
A: Heat Energy : It is a form of energy which takes place by the movement of the minute particles…
Q: What bacteria grow on both a MacConkey agar plate and Mannitol Salt agar?
A: Selective media The media is a kind of growth media which only allow the growth of a perticular…
Q: How does pasteurization affect the number of bacteria present in milk?
A: Pasteurization: It is a process which involves heating liquids at high temperature for a particular…
Q: Why does a population of microbes not die instantaneously when exposed to an antimicrobial agent?
A: Antimicrobial agents are agents that are used to stop or prevent the growth of microbes. They…
Q: What are the differences between bacteriostatic and bacte-ricidal disinfectants?
A: Bacteriostatic refers to the property of preventing the growth of the bacteria, while the…
Q: How is the presence or absence of viable endospores related to sterility?
A: Endospore is a resistant asexual spore that develops inside the bacteria under the extreme…
Q: How alcohol is effective at contolling microbial growth?
A: Sterilization: Sterilization includes the complete wipeout of all microscopic life on a surface.…
Q: Which bacterium reduces nitrates in soil to nitrogen?
A: Nitrogen is needed by the organism for producing amino acids. Atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used as…
Q: Why do you think autoclave sterilization of media is preferred over open flame?
A: An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment, laboratory instruments, media and other…
Q: Why are Sterilization, Antisepsis and disinfection necessary?
A: Sterilization is the process of killing or deactivating all forms of microorganisms and spores.…
Q: How are quorum sensing and biofilms beneficial to the bacterial commmunity and how do they impact…
A: Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of cell-cell communication that allows certain cells to detect and…
Q: How we can isolate microorganism from food? Please briefly explain at your own words.
A: Microorganisms are cosmopolitan in nature, which means they are present everywhere- in air, on…
Q: Why must water be subjected to microbiological analysis?
A: Water is used for various purposes in daily lifestyle including food. Thus, it should be monitored…
Q: How is Leather put in an application in microbiology and its involved microorganism
A: Leather is the skin of cattles and animals used to protect human body.
Q: Can simply observing the colonies formed on agar plates and the results of a few biochemical tests…
A: These are biochemical test is to perform to identify different type of bacteria.
Q: CONTRAST the following pairs of terms:
A: In the given question a distinction between Sterilize and disinfect is asked for, which are two…
Q: How does Pseudomonas aerogenosa contribute to the virulance of the pathogen?
A: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium which is liable for serious infectious diseases, chronic…
Q: Can you classify household disinfectants as sterilants? What organisms (if any) survive after the…
A: Sterilization is the process of complete destruction or removal of all forms of life which…
Q: how often must bacteria be subcultured from a broth to maintain culture viability?
A: Answer: Sub-culturing is the method of regrowth of the bacterial cells in to a freshly prepared…
Q: Is the Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) a complex or defined medium? Explain based on its composition. Is…
A: Mueller and Hinton in 1941 developed Mueller Hinton Agar(MHA). MHA is used for routine…
Q: How does the differences in the physical and chemical structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative…
A: The bacterial cells are categorized into gram-positive and gram-negative mainly depending on their…
Q: Which microbe is grown for use as protein – rich food?
A: Proteins are polymers made up of polymers of amino acids, which are structural units. They act as…
Q: How does an autoclave sterilize instruments? What is used to dry glassware and at the same time
A: Autoclaving is the best method for sterilizing glass instruments. Sterilizing means removal of all…
Q: What is a pure culture and why is obtaining one useful inmicrobial ecology?
A: Microbes are living organisms. They are ubiquitous. They cannot be seen by the naked eyes. In…
Q: Explain what features of endospores make them so resistant tomicrobial control, and what sterilizing…
A: Endospores are a tough, non-reproductive structure produced by the Firmicute family of bacteria that…
Q: Please discuss the different environmental factors that influence microbial growth. What would be…
A: Microbes or microorganisms are organisms that are microscopic in size and cannot usually be seen…
Q: Why is it important to distinguish between E.coli & E. Aerogenws in contaminated water samples?
A: E.coli is a rod-shaped, gram -ve, facultatively anaerobic, coliform bacterial species that is…
Q: Can simply observing the colonies formed on agar plates and the results of a few biochemical tests…
A: Bacteria are of many types. They can be classified based on different properties such as cell wall…
Q: Why do soil microbes naturally produce antibiotics?
A: Antibiotics are metabolic products of microorganisms that inhibit or completely destroy the growth…
Q: how does the work of winogradsky and beijerink have contributed to research on bacterial pathogens ?…
A: The Russian microbiologist Sergei Winogradsky discovered soil bacteria and also isolate anaerobic…
Q: What is the relationship between the most probable number method and nitrate in environmental…
A: Microbiology is the branch of biology that deals with study of organisms that are too small to be…
Q: What types of bacteria grow on nutrient agar?
A: Nutrient agar is a nutrient-rich medium that allows the growth of a wide range of organisms in the…
Q: How is it possible for both aerobes and obligate anaerobes tocoexist in the same biofilm?
A: Biofilms are masses of one or more types of microorganisms that irreversibly attach and grow on many…
Q: What is the difference between disinfection, antisepsis, and sterilization?
A: Microorganisms are present every where. They are not visible with naked eyes but are present at…
Q: Why is chlorination, although beneficial in terms of bacterial pathogen control, of environmental…
A: Chlorination is a disinfection procedure in which microorganisms are killed by the use of chlorine…
Q: What is the role of antimicrobials in disrupting microbial biota and causing superinfections?
A: The intestines are a great source of microbiota for mammals and humans. However, our understanding…
Q: Explain what features of endospores make them so resistant to microbial control, and how sterilizing…
A: Controlling microbial growth entails inhibiting or preventing the growth of microorganisms. This…
Q: What is a starter culture and what is its purpose? What are the characteristics of a good starter…
A: STARTER CULTURE:- Starter culture are those microorganisms that are used in the production of…
How does the extremely high resistance of bacterial endospores influence sterilization practices, food
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- What is the difference between disinfection, antisepsis, and sterilization?After streaking microbial culture on agar plates and observing colonial growth, TMTC usually happens. What are the causes of TMTC plates (plates with more than 300 colonies that cannot be counted)? What are the ways to prevent this from happening?How is UV radiation a good type of control mechanism against microbial growth? Explain what happens to the microbe and effects this control causes.
- UV light is used in clean rooms and some operating rooms. what are the limitations of using UV light as a means of sterilization?Listen Which of the following methods of microbial control is used most often with surgical equipment? a) autoclave b) sugar and salting c) dessication d) lyophilization1. The Petri Dish method is used in microbiology to raise bacteria in: a) rapid growth b) pure culture c) septic environment d) all of the above 2. What is the difference between antiseptic and sanitization? 3. In order to prevent any kind of contamination the medium must be _________ before placing it in the Petri dish. a) lyophilized b) pasteurized c) autoclaved d) distilled
- The Petri Dish method is used in microbiology to raise bacteria in: a) rapid growth b) pure culture c) septic environment d) all of the above 2. What is the difference between antiseptic and sanitization?3. In order to prevent any kind of contamination the medium must be _________ before placing it in the Petri dish. a) lyophilized b) pasteurized c) autoclaved d) distilleCommercial canning processes are designed to ensure destructionof which of the following?a) All vegetative bacteriab) All virusesc) Endospores of Clostridium botulinumd) E. colie) Mycobacterium tuberculosisIs the Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) a complex or defined medium? Explain based on its composition. Is MHA a A) differential, B) selective, C) both differential and selective media, or D) neither? Explain based on what kind of microorganisms it allows to grow.