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How does the ankle joint change in structure and function among salamanders, lizards, mammals?
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- How does the amoeboid movement occur? What are examples of beings and cells that use such movements for locomotion?Describe how the leg structure of the crayfish is modified to compensate for the limited motion of a single joint.What does radial symmetry means? What is the type of symmetry found in chordates? Which are other phyla of the animal kingdom that present species with radial symmetry?
- What are two major challenges for animals living in terrestrial environments and what is the adaptation that overcomes each challenge?How does the alligator snout become elongated relative to the salamander’s? Does it add new bones, or change the shape of pre-existing (in amphibian ancestors) bones?What makes hydra, planaria, salamanders, and fish so much better at regenerating than mammals?
- How does the limb orientation of "advanced" tetrapods differ from that of "primitive" tetrapods? How much variation is there in the humeri, radii, and ulnas of tetrapods? What modifications has the manus undergone in the evolution of flight (birds, bats, & pterosaurs), swimming, running, & grasping?Describe the structure of the pectoral girdle and the stemum of frog?Pharyngeal slits are which of the following? Question 24 options: a) Openings in the pharynx. In aquatic chordates they allow for exit of water that enters the mouth. b) Elongations of the posterior portion of the body. Use for locomotion in fish, or balance in some terrestrial vertebrates. c) Flexible, rod-shaped structures that grows from mesoderm. Gives support to an animal in embryonic development of chordates or for entire life depending on the species. d) Tissues that produces thyroid type hormones. e) Hollow tubes that develops from ectoderm. Develops into the central nervous system.