Life Cycle Of Bryophytes
A group of plant species that utilize spores, instead of flowers or seeds, for reproduction is known as a bryophyte. The non-vascular seedless plants which include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts are classified as bryophytes. There are over 20,000 species of mosses, with some species being microscopic and others reaching heights of over one meter.
Plant Biometry
Biometry is the science that deals with the statistical investigation of biological observations and phenomena. It is very important in the development of sound and effective agricultural research practices. It is a Greek-derived word wherein 'bio' means life and 'metrics' means 'to measure'. Thus, it is generally defined as the combination of statistics and science. Water Weldon introduced this term. This method is applied in several fields of science, including botany, health, social and physical sciences, and humanities.
Life Cycle Of Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms, which translates to "naked seeds," are a diverse group of seed plants. The angiosperms are a sister group to one group of gymnosperms (the Gnetales), making the gymnosperms a paraphyletic group, according to the "anthophyte" hypothesis. The term "paraphyletic group" refers to a group that does not include all descendants of a single common ancestor. The "netifer" theory, on the other hand, indicates that Gnetophytes are sister to conifers, making gymnosperms monophyletic and sister to angiosperms. Further, molecular and anatomical research may shed light on these connections.
Life Cycle Of Pteridophytes
They are the first land plants with vascular tissues (xylem and phloem). These vascular plants are classified as vascular cryptogams because they do not contain flowers or seeds. These plants are the most common and visible group of land plants, accounting for more than 90% of all vegetation on the planet.
Life Cycle Of Angiosperms
An angiosperm is a word obtained from the two Greek words angio, which refers to "covered," and sperms, which means "bean". Flowering plants are what the angiosperms are called. The flowers of a plant develop into fruits, which contain seeds.
Present day plants evolved around 450 million years ago in the Ordovician period within the paleozoic era. Early plants shared aquatic habit but, currently we are able to see plants in the modern world live in several habitats. It is due to adaptation that facilitates plants to withstand, live and reproduce under particular environmental conditions. Plant adaptation makes the plant more specific to one area. For example, water lily can survive only in water but cactus under the desert condition. The evolutionary changes in the ecophysiological characteristics of the plants can make these differences. Ecophysiological traits such as gas exchange, leaf structure and function of plants plays a crucial role in plant adaptation and they are good example here. At the same time, one has to remember that the repeated occurrence of CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) photosynthesis, succulent leaves and stem in desert condition indicate the evidence of natural selection of these water saving traits as well. Understanding the biology of plants and their relatives would shed a light on the picture here
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