how did you get -ln(A-T)=kt + C ? I'm not understanding where the negative came from...the integral of 1/A-T is ln(A-T) and the integral of k is kt...where is the negative coming from?

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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how did you get -ln(A-T)=kt + C ? I'm not understanding where the negative came from...the integral of 1/A-T is ln(A-T) and the integral of k is kt...where is the negative coming from?

Expert Solution
Step 1: Doubt clearance for -ln(A-T)

Here the intergrand is 

fraction numerator 1 over denominator A minus T end fraction which is integrated with respect to T. Here the coefficient of T is (-1) in the denominator, so we multiply (-1) with ln(A-T) thereby getting -ln(A-T).


Another way.

Put U= A-T

dU=-dT

Substitute in integral fraction numerator 1 over denominator A minus T end fraction space d T space equals space integral 1 over U left parenthesis negative d U right parenthesis space equals negative integral 1 over U d U equals negative ln space U equals negative ln left parenthesis A minus T right parenthesis

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