In an attempt to conserve water and to be awarded LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental  Design) certification, a 20,000-liter cistern has been installed during construction of a new building.  The cistern collects water from an HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning) system designed  to provide 2830 cubic meters of air per minute at 22°C and 50% relative humidity after converting it  from ambient conditions (31°C, 70% relative humidity). The collected condensate serves as the source  of water for lawn maintenance. Estimate (a) the rate of intake of air at ambient conditions in cubic feet  per minute and (b) the hours of operation required to fill the cistern.

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Chemical and Phase Equilibrium

Phase diagrams or equilibrium phase diagrams are the graphical representations that show the phase transformations of the constituting elements with respect to the pressure, temperature, and compositions. The diagrams show the conditions that limit the different phases, namely solid, liquid, and gas. The diagram can also be utilized to verify the relations between the state variables. Most of the phase diagrams are temperature-pressure phase diagrams, with the variable parameter as the composition. Usually other variables such as solubility and pressure parameters are not indicated in the phase diagram. For a one-component system (unary phase diagram), the phase diagram is generally a function of temperature and pressure as the state variables, or temperature and volume. However, for a binary system (two-phase) having two components, the phase diagram is a function of temperature and composition as the state variables only. Coexisting of the different phases of the constituting elements is indicated in the phase diagram. A ternary phase diagram can be characterized by consisting of three phases in equilibrium.