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A: A gene is known as a heredity unit. It is made up of DNA and are the functional regions located on…
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A: The classical inheritance is the type of inheritance pattern in which mendelian laws are followed…
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Q: Red–green color blindness in humans is due to an X-linked recessive gene. A woman whose father is…
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Q: How does mutation can affect the central dogma and the phenotype?
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Q: Most mutations in a diploid organism are recessive. Why?
A: To describe: Why most mutations in a diploid organism are recessive.
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Q: What impact does the environment have on traits?
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Q: Is homologous recombination an example of mutation? Explain.
A: Mutations are the changes in the DNA or chromosome. From changes in one base to the small fragment…
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A: Any alteration in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome is known as mutation. Age of the…
Q: What is Epistasis? A) When one gene effect another B) When one gene effect multiple phenotype C)…
A: Introduction Genes are the key component of genetic material which control almost all the cellular…
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A: There will some steps which you should follow.
Q: A rare class of dominant gain-of-function _______ arisesfrom neomorphic mutations that generate a…
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Q: What is the most likely method by which a gene produces red eyes in fruit flies?
A: Answer is C. Mutation changes the coding sequence of the genes so that it codes for red protein…
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Q: Why would a researcher be interested in over- or misexpression phenotypes?
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Q: What is the genomic conflict hypothesis for the origin of genomic imprinting?
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Q: A mutation in which most of the pi sequence of the gene is removed which type of allele?
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Q: Why are phenotypes the product of both their genes and their environments?
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Q: Can We Propose a Unified Theory of GeneExpression?
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Q: What is the difference between a sex-influenced gene and a gene that exhibits genomic imprinting?
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Q: What are Possible Dominance Relations in case of neomorphic mutations?
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Q: Why do many mutations have no detectable effects on organismal phenotype?
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Q: What are Possible Dominance Relations in case of amorphic mutations?
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- A geneticist discovers a new mutation in Drosophila melanogaster that causes the flies to shake and quiver. She calls this mutation quiver (qu)and determines that it is due to an autosomal recessive gene. She wants to determine whether the gene encoding the quiver phenotype is linked to the recessive gene encoding vestigial (reduced) wings (vg). She crosses a fly homozygous for quiver and vestigial traits with a fly homozygous for the wild-type traits and then uses the resulting F1 females in a testcross. She obtains the following flies from this testcross: vg+ qu+ 230 vg qu 224 vg qu+ 97 vg+ qu 99 Total 650Are the genes that cause vestigial wings and the quiver phenotype linked? Do a chi-square test of independence to determine whether the genes have assorted independentlyIt is assumed that in Drosophila the following genotypes produce phenotypes. َA- B- = Red color A- bb = Plum color aa B- = Magenta color aa bb = White color The third latent genotype, cc, kills homozygous Plums, but has no effect on other genotypes. Also, genotype C- does not produce a large phenotype. If first-generation Drosophilas are heterozygous for all of these genes and interbreed, what phenotypic ratios are expected in society?A recessive mutation pd causes purple eyes in Drosophila, in contrast to the wildtype red eyes. A dominant suppressor called Su can restore the color of pd/pd fly eyes to red. If you cross a pd/+ ; Su/+ fly to a pd/pd ; +/+ fly, what proportion of the offspring will have purple eyes? A recessive mutation pd causes purple eyes in Drosophila, in contrast to the wildtype red eyes. A dominant suppressor called Su can restore the color of pd/pd fly eyes to red. If you cross a pd/+ ; Su/+ fly to a pd/pd ; +/+ fly, what proportion of the offspring will have purple eyes? a. 1/8 b. 1/16 c.1/2 d. 3/16 e. 1/3 f. 3/4 g. 15/16 h. 2/3 i. 1/4
- Suppose that a geneticist discovers a new mutation in Drosophila melanogaster that causes the flies to shake and quiver. She calls this mutation quiver, qu, and determines that it is due to an autosomal recessive gene. She wants to determine whether the gene encoding quiver is linked to the recessive gene for vestigial wings, vg. She crosses a fly homozygous for quiver and vestigial traits with a fly homozygous for the wild-type traits, and then uses the resulting F1 females in a testcross. She obtains the flies from this testcross. Phenotype Number of flies vg+ qu+ 230 vg qu 224 vg qu+ 97 vg* qu 99 Test the hypothesis that the genes quiver and vestigial assort independently by calculating the chi-squared, X², for this hypothesis. Provide the X2 to one decimal place. X2 Does the X2 value support the hypothesis that the quiver and vestigial genes assort independently? Why the partial table of critical values for X2 calculations to test this hypothesis. or why not? Use O No, the X' value…You are working in the lab with strains of Drosophila that have either normal legs or abnormally short legs and you are studying the gene responsible. You know that normal legs are dominant to short legs. You come across a misplaced fly with normal legs, but you are not sure of his genetic background and you want to keep him in your experiments. (Without doing a molecular analysis), How could you figure out whether he was heterozygous or homozygous for the leg gene that you are studying? (Describe what you would do and how the results would answer the question.) What is the procedure you described above called?Interested in exploring the genetic pathways that lead to neurological issues, you want to see if recessive mutations which generate too many neurons (tm) in flies - which many causes autistic like symptoms are in the same gene as mutations that generate too few neurons (tf) - intellectual diabilities. You cross a true-breeding homozygous tm/tm fly to a homozygous too few neuron fly tf/tf. What phenotype in the progeny would tell these mutations are in different genes?
- An undergraduate researcher in your lab is studying mutations affecting the wings of Drosophila melanogaster. She has identified two mutant phenotypes of interest: bent wings (be), which are recessive to the wild-type straight wings (be+), and apterous (ap) mutants (which are wingless). The apallele is recessive to the wild-type allele (ap+), which allows wings to develop. If a homozygous bent-winged fly (which possesses the normal allele of apterous) is crossed with a homozygous wingless fly (which possesses the normal allele of bent wings), what phenotypic ratio would you expect to observe in the F2 generation of this cross? a) Please indicate the ratio, including the genotypes and phenotypes of all phenotypic classes. Phenotype: Genotype(s) corresponding to this phenotype Phenotypic ratio: (Be sure to NAME the classes in the ratio). B) Please NAME and DEFINE the type of gene interaction illustrated in this example.Consider the following three autosomal recessive mutations in Drosophila:vestigial wings (v); wild type is long (v+)black body color (b); wildtype is gray (b+)plum eyes (p); wildtype is red (p+)A vestigal, gray, red female (homozygous for all three genes) is crossed with a long wing, black, plum male (homozygous for all three genes). The F1 female progeny are mated with triple homozygous recessive males. Here is the phenotypic data for the F2 progeny:vestigal; gray; red 580long wings; black; plum 592vestigal; black; red 45long; gray; plum 40vestigal; black; plum 89long; gray; red 94vestigal; gray; plum 3long; black; red 5A total of 1448 progeny were counted.Which one of the following values is the approximate distance between the plum eye color and black body color loci?A maternal effect gene in Drosophila, called torso, is found as a recessive allele that prevents the correct development of anterior- and posterior-most structures. A wild-type (homozygous) male is crossed to a female of unknown genotype. This mating produces 100% larva that are missing their anterior- and posterior-most structures and therefore die during early development. What is the genotype and phenotype of the female fly in this cross? What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the female fly’s parents? Show COMPLETE cross.
- There are two genetic disorders that result from mutation in imprinted genes: Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome. Angelman syndrome results from deletion of UBE3A, which is a gene imprinted such that only the maternal copy is expressed. In the pedigree above, individual I-1 is heterozygous for a deletion of UBE3A and does not have Angelman syndrome. Individual I-2 is homozygous wild type for UBE3A. Which individuals in the pedigree are at risk for exhibiting Angelman syndrome, if any? (Who could potentially have the syndrome, based on what alleles it is possible for them to inherit and express?) Question 8 options: Only I-1 could have been at risk. If he does not have the syndrome, no one in the pedigree could. Only III-1 is at risk I-1, II-2, and III-1 are all at risk Only II-2 is at risk No one in the pedigree is at risk Both II-2 and III-1 are at…For a particular gene, homozygous dominant AA and heterozygous Aa individuals produce green pigment, while homozygous recessive aa individuals produce yellow pigment. During the course of your research you discover the a1 allele that contains a class IlI transposon insertion. Allele A is dominant to a1. Which genotype is capable of producing a mixture of green and yellow pigment?Suppose a geneticist uses a three-point testcross to map three linked Drosophila recessive mutations called f, z, and n. Gene fis associated with abnormally fast movement, z is associated with a zigzag movement pattern, and n is associated with narrow wings. The geneticist first crosses homozygous narrow flies to homozygous fast, zigzag flies. Next, he testcrosses the F₁ progeny to fast, zigzag, narrow parents and obtains the results reported in the table. Based on the data, select the order of the three genes. fzn zfn nzf fnz znf nfz F₁ Testcross Progeny Phenotype narrow fast, zigzag zigzag fast, narrow fast zigzag, narrow fast, zigzag, narrow wild type Number 627 621 209 229 215 223 6 7