Histogram for Exercise 22 Frequency 200. 150 100 50 Time difference -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Unitary Method
The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products.
Speed, Time, and Distance
Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.
Profit and Loss
The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.
Units and Measurements
Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.
How does the speed of a runner vary over the course of
a marathon (a distance of 42.195 km)? Consider determining
both the time to run the first 5 km and the time to
run between the 35-km and 40-km points, and then subtracting
the former time from the latter time. A positive
value of this difference corresponds to a runner slowing
down toward the end of the race. The accompanying
histogram is based on times of runners who participated
in several different Japanese marathons (“Factors
Affecting Runners’ Marathon Performance,” Chance,
Fall, 1993: 24–30).
What are some interesting features of this histogram?
What is a typical difference value? Roughly what proportion
of the runners ran the late distance more quickly
than the early distance?

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