hink about which Cohen’s d formula to use: one sample, paired sample, or independent sample. Calculate an effect size for the data. Hoaglin, Mosteller, and Tukey (1983) present data on blood levels of beta-endorphin as a function of stress. They took beta-endorphin levels for 19 patients 12 hours before surgery, and again 10 minutes before surgery. The data are presented below, in fmol/ml: 12 hours 10 6.5 8 12 5 11.5 5 3.5 7.5 5.8 4.7 8 7 17 8.8 17 15 4.4 2 10 minutes 6.5 14 13.5 18 14.5 9 18 42 7.5 6 25 12 52 20 16 15 11.5 2.5 2

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