he variability of a sample data set is measured by which of the following statistics  sample size, range, standard deviation, median, mode

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The variability of a sample data set is measured by which of the following statistics 

sample size, range, standard deviation, median, mode

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Sample size gives information about the size of the data but not about the variability or dispersion present in the data.

Range is just simply the difference between maximum and minimum in the data-set, so range gives the idea about some variability in the data.

Median tells about the half of the distribution lies below before what value. So it gives measure of central tendency, not the variability. Because we never know how the two halves of the distribution are separated within themselves.

Mode gives the idea about most frequently occurring values, so it does not give information about spread of the data or variability in the data.

Standard deviation is square root of variance, where variance is average of the squared distances of the values from the  mean, so standard deviation gives an idea about the variability in the data. Because it is based on the differences in the values from the  mean( mean is a very popular central tendency).

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