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Chemistry
HCI He ČI

HCI He ČI

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Select all possible products of the following question
The image depicts a chemical reaction involving an alkene reacting with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The reaction is shown with an arrow, indicating the transformation of the alkene into different possible products. **Description of the Structures:** 1. **Starting Material:** - The structure on the left is an alkene with a double bond between the two carbon atoms. 2. **Potential Products:** - Three possible products are depicted, each with a chloride (Cl) addition: - **First Structure:** - The Cl atom is attached to the tertiary carbon, resulting in a more substituted alkane. - **Second Structure:** - The Cl atom is attached to the secondary carbon, forming another possible alkane product. - **Third Structure:** - Two Cl atoms are shown, attached to the secondary and tertiary carbons. **Notes:** - Each product option has a checkbox beside it, suggesting a multiple-choice question. The task could involve identifying the major product of the reaction under these conditions. **Educational Context:** - This reaction is likely demonstrating Markovnikov's rule, where the hydrogen atom from HCl adds to the less substituted carbon atom of the double bond, and the chlorine adds to the more substituted carbon atom, forming the most stable carbocation intermediate.
Transcribed Image Text:The image depicts a chemical reaction involving an alkene reacting with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The reaction is shown with an arrow, indicating the transformation of the alkene into different possible products. **Description of the Structures:** 1. **Starting Material:** - The structure on the left is an alkene with a double bond between the two carbon atoms. 2. **Potential Products:** - Three possible products are depicted, each with a chloride (Cl) addition: - **First Structure:** - The Cl atom is attached to the tertiary carbon, resulting in a more substituted alkane. - **Second Structure:** - The Cl atom is attached to the secondary carbon, forming another possible alkane product. - **Third Structure:** - Two Cl atoms are shown, attached to the secondary and tertiary carbons. **Notes:** - Each product option has a checkbox beside it, suggesting a multiple-choice question. The task could involve identifying the major product of the reaction under these conditions. **Educational Context:** - This reaction is likely demonstrating Markovnikov's rule, where the hydrogen atom from HCl adds to the less substituted carbon atom of the double bond, and the chlorine adds to the more substituted carbon atom, forming the most stable carbocation intermediate.
The image contains two structural diagrams of organic molecules, each with a checkbox beside it. 1. **First Diagram**: - The structure depicts a carbon chain with five carbon atoms. - The second carbon atom from the left is bonded to a chlorine (Cl) atom, and the third carbon atom is bonded to two chlorine (Cl) atoms. The remaining bonds are saturated with hydrogen atoms. 2. **Second Diagram**: - This structure also shows a carbon chain with five carbon atoms. - The second carbon atom from the left is bonded to a single chlorine (Cl) atom. The rest of the bonds are saturated with hydrogen atoms. Both structures are examples of haloalkanes, containing carbon-halogen bonds. The presence of checkboxes suggests a selection or comparison activity related to identifying or differentiating these molecular structures.
Transcribed Image Text:The image contains two structural diagrams of organic molecules, each with a checkbox beside it. 1. **First Diagram**: - The structure depicts a carbon chain with five carbon atoms. - The second carbon atom from the left is bonded to a chlorine (Cl) atom, and the third carbon atom is bonded to two chlorine (Cl) atoms. The remaining bonds are saturated with hydrogen atoms. 2. **Second Diagram**: - This structure also shows a carbon chain with five carbon atoms. - The second carbon atom from the left is bonded to a single chlorine (Cl) atom. The rest of the bonds are saturated with hydrogen atoms. Both structures are examples of haloalkanes, containing carbon-halogen bonds. The presence of checkboxes suggests a selection or comparison activity related to identifying or differentiating these molecular structures.
Expert Solution
Step 1

Addition of HCl to alkene occurs via carbocation formation. Most stable carbocation gives major product whereas less stable carbocation gives minor product.

In 1st step protonation of alkene occurs to form carbocation intermediate and in the last step nucleophilic attack occurs to carbocation intermediate.

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