Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
Give the major organic product(s) for each step of the following reaction
Transcribed Image Text:### Organic Chemistry Reaction Pathway
This diagram illustrates a multi-step organic reaction pathway beginning with an alkene and ending with an acyl chloride. The steps in the reaction and the reagents used at each step are detailed as follows:
1. **Starting Material**: 2-Butene (CH3-CH=CH-CH3)
2. **Step 1**:
- *Reagents*: HBr (Hydrobromic Acid) and H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide)
- *Product A*: Bromoalkane
- *Description*: This step likely involves an anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr to the alkene in the presence of peroxide (H2O2), leading to the formation of 1-Bromobutane (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2Br).
3. **Step 2**:
- *Reagent*: NaCN (Sodium Cyanide)
- *Product B*: Nitrile compound
- *Description*: In this step, a nitrile group (CN) is introduced by reacting the bromoalkane with sodium cyanide, producing butanenitrile (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2CN).
4. **Step 3**:
- *Reagent*: HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) in H2O (Water)
- *Product C*: Carboxylic Acid
- *Description*: This step converts the nitrile to a carboxylic acid by hydrolysis, yielding butanoic acid (CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH).
5. **Step 4**:
- *Reagent*: SOCl2 (Thionyl Chloride)
- *Product D*: Acyl Chloride
- *Product Structure*:
```
O
||
C-Cl
```
- *Description*: This reaction transforms the carboxylic acid into its acyl chloride derivative, producing butanoyl chloride (CH3-CH2-CH2-COCl).
6. **Step 5**:
- *Product E*: Final Product – the diagram does not provide details on the final product.
### Diagram Explanation:
The diagram provides a visual representation of the change in the chemical structure at each step.
1. Starting from an alkene (double bond between carbon atoms).
2. Adding H
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