Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Draw the structure of the expected organic product(s) formed in the following reactions including correct sine echemistry. If the product is racemic write racemic or draw both isomers. Assume all reagents listed are present in excess unless otherwise noted. If no reaction occurs, state "No Reaction".
The reaction of HBr with alkene results in the bromoalkane. This reaction is an example of an electrophilic addition reaction. This reaction takes place in two steps.
- Electrophilic addition of a proton to an alkene and the formation of a carbocation.
- Attack of bromide ion on the carbocation results in the formation of bromoalkane.
The intermediate form is carbocation. So, this reaction often involves carbocation rearrangement. The reaction of HBr with a conjugated diene results in the formation of either a 1,2-product or a 1,4-product. At higher temperatures, thermodynamically the favored product is favored. At lower temperatures, a kinetically favored product is favored. This reaction results in the formation of a racemic mixture.
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