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Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Instruction:** 

Add curved arrow notation to this proton transfer reaction.

**Diagram Description:**

- The diagram shows a chemical reaction involving proton transfer. 
- On the left side, there is a hydroxide ion (OH⁻) depicted, with the oxygen bearing a negative charge and two lone pairs of electrons.
- On the right side, there is a chlorophenol molecule. This consists of a benzene ring with an attached hydroxyl group (OH) and a chlorine atom (Cl) both having lone pairs on them. The oxygen in the hydroxyl group is shown with a positive charge and two sets of lone pairs.

**Task:** 

Use curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons during the proton transfer from the hydroxyl group to the hydroxide ion.

- A curved arrow should start from one of the lone pairs on the negatively charged oxygen of the hydroxide ion, indicating it will form a bond with the hydrogen atom from the hydroxyl group of the chlorophenol.
- Another curved arrow should start from the bond between the hydrogen and oxygen in the hydroxyl group, indicating the electrons will move to the oxygen, neutralizing its positive charge.

This diagram shows the key steps in understanding proton transfer mechanisms in organic chemistry reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Instruction:** Add curved arrow notation to this proton transfer reaction. **Diagram Description:** - The diagram shows a chemical reaction involving proton transfer. - On the left side, there is a hydroxide ion (OH⁻) depicted, with the oxygen bearing a negative charge and two lone pairs of electrons. - On the right side, there is a chlorophenol molecule. This consists of a benzene ring with an attached hydroxyl group (OH) and a chlorine atom (Cl) both having lone pairs on them. The oxygen in the hydroxyl group is shown with a positive charge and two sets of lone pairs. **Task:** Use curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons during the proton transfer from the hydroxyl group to the hydroxide ion. - A curved arrow should start from one of the lone pairs on the negatively charged oxygen of the hydroxide ion, indicating it will form a bond with the hydrogen atom from the hydroxyl group of the chlorophenol. - Another curved arrow should start from the bond between the hydrogen and oxygen in the hydroxyl group, indicating the electrons will move to the oxygen, neutralizing its positive charge. This diagram shows the key steps in understanding proton transfer mechanisms in organic chemistry reactions.
Expert Solution
Step 1

It is a acid base reaction. OH- act as base and para chloro phenol is acid. After taking proton conjugate base is resonance stabilized

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