H.W: A retaining wall is battered away from the fill from bottom to top at an angle of 15° with the vertical. Height of the wall is 6 m. The fill slopes upwards at an angle 20° away from the rest of the wall. The friction angle is 30° and wall friction angle is 20°. Using Coulomb's wedge theory, determined the total active and passive thrusts on the wall, and Check the concrete retaining wall shown in below Figure, considering rotating, sliding, and pressure of wall base. Assuming Ysol = 20 kN/m² and Yconcrete = 24 kN/m³

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Asphalt binders are subsidiary products procured during the refining process of petroleum while manufacturing gasoline, diesel, and similar petroleum products. Asphalt binders are obtained from the residue that remains after the distillation of petroleum, this residue is further subjected to steam distillation and oxidation to remove the traces of gas oil present in the residue. Certain additives or modifiers are also added to asphalt binders to alter them to suit different applications.