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-H Spectrum 2.5 2H M 2H 2.0 1H uuu (ppm) 1.5 ЗН 1.0 6H

-H Spectrum 2.5 2H M 2H 2.0 1H uuu (ppm) 1.5 ЗН 1.0 6H

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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An unknown compound has the molecular formula C7H14O, and its 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra are shown below. Determine the structure of the unknown compound and draw it below. Note that there are no peaks above 3 ppm in the 1H NMR, and the numbers present on the 1H NMR are the integration values for each set of peaks.

**¹H NMR Spectrum Description** The image depicts a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectrum, which is a graphical representation used to determine the structure of organic compounds by observing the behavior of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field. **Graph Description:** - **X-axis (δ ppm):** The horizontal axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (ppm). It ranges from approximately 0.5 to 2.5 ppm in this spectrum. The chemical shift provides information about the electronic environment surrounding the protons. - **Y-axis (Intensity):** The vertical axis indicates the intensity of the NMR signals. The peaks' heights correlate with the number of hydrogen atoms contributing to each signal. **Peaks and Integration:** - **2.2 ppm (2H):** A multiplet representing 2 hydrogen atoms. This peak may correspond to protons in a specific environment such as a CH₂ group. - **2.0 ppm (2H):** Another multiplet indicating 2 more hydrogen atoms in a different environment similar to CH₂. - **1.8 ppm (1H):** A singlet peak for 1 hydrogen atom, potentially indicating a unique neighboring environment like a CH. - **1.0 ppm (3H):** A triplet corresponding to 3 hydrogen atoms, suggesting the presence of a methyl group (CH₃) neighboring a methylene group. - **0.9 ppm (6H):** A doublet representing 6 hydrogen atoms, indicating two equivalent methyl groups (2 CH₃) adjacent to the same carbon or group. This spectrum helps in identifying and confirming the structure of an organic molecule by analyzing the number, position, and intensity of the peaks.
Transcribed Image Text:**¹H NMR Spectrum Description** The image depicts a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectrum, which is a graphical representation used to determine the structure of organic compounds by observing the behavior of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field. **Graph Description:** - **X-axis (δ ppm):** The horizontal axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (ppm). It ranges from approximately 0.5 to 2.5 ppm in this spectrum. The chemical shift provides information about the electronic environment surrounding the protons. - **Y-axis (Intensity):** The vertical axis indicates the intensity of the NMR signals. The peaks' heights correlate with the number of hydrogen atoms contributing to each signal. **Peaks and Integration:** - **2.2 ppm (2H):** A multiplet representing 2 hydrogen atoms. This peak may correspond to protons in a specific environment such as a CH₂ group. - **2.0 ppm (2H):** Another multiplet indicating 2 more hydrogen atoms in a different environment similar to CH₂. - **1.8 ppm (1H):** A singlet peak for 1 hydrogen atom, potentially indicating a unique neighboring environment like a CH. - **1.0 ppm (3H):** A triplet corresponding to 3 hydrogen atoms, suggesting the presence of a methyl group (CH₃) neighboring a methylene group. - **0.9 ppm (6H):** A doublet representing 6 hydrogen atoms, indicating two equivalent methyl groups (2 CH₃) adjacent to the same carbon or group. This spectrum helps in identifying and confirming the structure of an organic molecule by analyzing the number, position, and intensity of the peaks.
### Transcription and Explanation of the \(^{13}\)C NMR Spectrum **Title: \(^{13}\)C Spectrum** **Description:** This is a \(^{13}\)C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrum, which is used to illustrate the chemical environment of carbon atoms within a molecule. The x-axis represents the chemical shift (\(\delta\)) in parts per million (ppm), ranging from 0 to approximately 220 ppm. The y-axis is not labeled as it typically represents intensity. **Graph Details:** - **Peaks:** - There are distinct peaks observed at various ppm values, indicating different carbon environments within the molecule. - A peak is observed around 200 ppm, typically associated with carbonyl carbons, such as those in ketones or aldehydes. - Other significant peaks are present between 0 and 50 ppm, which generally indicate aliphatic carbon environments. **Interpretation:** - The spectrum provides insight into the number and types of distinct carbon environments present in the sample. - High ppm values usually correlate with more electronegative environments or those attached to functional groups that cause deshielding, such as carbonyl groups. - Lower ppm values are typically associated with saturated carbon atoms like those found in alkanes. This type of spectrum is crucial for structure elucidation in organic chemistry, helping researchers determine the molecular framework of organic compounds.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription and Explanation of the \(^{13}\)C NMR Spectrum **Title: \(^{13}\)C Spectrum** **Description:** This is a \(^{13}\)C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrum, which is used to illustrate the chemical environment of carbon atoms within a molecule. The x-axis represents the chemical shift (\(\delta\)) in parts per million (ppm), ranging from 0 to approximately 220 ppm. The y-axis is not labeled as it typically represents intensity. **Graph Details:** - **Peaks:** - There are distinct peaks observed at various ppm values, indicating different carbon environments within the molecule. - A peak is observed around 200 ppm, typically associated with carbonyl carbons, such as those in ketones or aldehydes. - Other significant peaks are present between 0 and 50 ppm, which generally indicate aliphatic carbon environments. **Interpretation:** - The spectrum provides insight into the number and types of distinct carbon environments present in the sample. - High ppm values usually correlate with more electronegative environments or those attached to functional groups that cause deshielding, such as carbonyl groups. - Lower ppm values are typically associated with saturated carbon atoms like those found in alkanes. This type of spectrum is crucial for structure elucidation in organic chemistry, helping researchers determine the molecular framework of organic compounds.
Expert Solution
Step 1: Write formula of DBE

Double bond equivalent (DBE) = no. of C atoms + 1 + (no. of H atoms / 2)

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