GPA and study hours: A survey was conducted on 193 Duke University undergraduates who took an introductory statistics course in 2012. Among many other questions, this survey asked them about their GPA, which can range between 0 and 4 points, and the number of hours they spent studying per week. The scatterplot below displays the relationship between these two variables.a) What is the explanatory variable?b) What is the response variable?c) Describe the relationship between the variables.d) Is this an experiment or an observational study?e) Can we conclude that studying longer hours leads to higher GPAs? ### Relationship Between Study Hours and GPAThe scatter plot displayed above illustrates the relationship between the number of study hours per week and the Grade Point Average (GPA) of students.**Axes:**- The x-axis represents the number of study hours per week, ranging from 0 to approximately 70.- The y-axis represents the GPA, ranging from 2.5 to 4.0.**Data Points:**- Each dot in the scatter plot represents an individual student.- The concentration of data points lies between 10 and 30 hours of study per week with GPA values ranging primarily between 3.0 and 4.0.- As the number of study hours increases beyond 30, the data points become sparser.**Observations:**- There is a notable concentration of GPAs between 3.0 and 3.5 for students studying between 10 to 20 hours per week.- Several outliers can be observed, particularly with students studying over 60 hours per week, although these instances are rare.### ConclusionWhile there appears to be some positive correlation between study hours per week and GPA, the relationship is not entirely clear-cut. The scatter plot suggests that while studying more may generally associate with higher GPAs, there are numerous factors in play, and excessive studying does not guarantee a higher GPA.

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a) The explanatory variable defined as the study hours per week b) The response variable is defined…

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GPA and study hours: A survey was conducted on 193 Duke University undergraduates who took an introductory statistics course in 2012. Among many other questions, this survey asked them about their GPA, which can range between 0 and 4 points, and the number of hours they spent studying per week. The scatterplot below displays the relationship between these two variables.

a) What is the explanatory variable?

b) What is the response variable?

c) Describe the relationship between the variables.

d) Is this an experiment or an observational study?

e) Can we conclude that studying longer hours leads to higher GPAs?

### Relationship Between Study Hours and GPA

The scatter plot displayed above illustrates the relationship between the number of study hours per week and the Grade Point Average (GPA) of students.

**Axes:**
- The x-axis represents the number of study hours per week, ranging from 0 to approximately 70.
- The y-axis represents the GPA, ranging from 2.5 to 4.0.

**Data Points:**
- Each dot in the scatter plot represents an individual student.
- The concentration of data points lies between 10 and 30 hours of study per week with GPA values ranging primarily between 3.0 and 4.0.
- As the number of study hours increases beyond 30, the data points become sparser.

**Observations:**
- There is a notable concentration of GPAs between 3.0 and 3.5 for students studying between 10 to 20 hours per week.
- Several outliers can be observed, particularly with students studying over 60 hours per week, although these instances are rare.

### Conclusion
While there appears to be some positive correlation between study hours per week and GPA, the relationship is not entirely clear-cut. The scatter plot suggests that while studying more may generally associate with higher GPAs, there are numerous factors in play, and excessive studying does not guarantee a higher GPA.

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