give the basics of a disease and its relationship to a faulty signal transduction pathway. Describe some of these diseases in the table below

Q: Give two ways in which viral meningitis usually differs from bacterial meningitis.

A: Step 1 Meningitis – It is a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation (swelling) of the…

Q: Explain why it would be important for a person living with AIDS or for someone who has recently…

A: HIV represents the human immunodeficiency virus. It weakens an individual's immune framework by…

Q: Explain what to teach patients and families about DMARDs for management of arthritis and other…

A: Medications known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) slow the inflammatory disease…

Q: Describe two methods used to reduce the severity of atissue rejection reaction.

A: Tissue transplantation is a method adopted to repair damaged tissue by extracting the tissue cell…

Q: List specific reasons why the inflammatoryresponse is considered a body defense mechanism.

A: Red blood cells also claimed as erythrocytes, white blood cells also dignified as leukocytes, and…

Q: acute inflammation and explain how this is different to chronic inflammation

A: Inflammation is a type of immune response that is produced by the body. Inflammation response can…

Q: Explain the mechanisms that may be responsible for autoimmune diseases.

A: Autoimmune diseases refer to the diseases that occur due to the inability of the immune system to…

Q: Explain the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ?

A: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus : It is an autoimmune disease. It is an inflammatory disease caused…

Q: Where in the course of type I allergies do antihistamine drugs,cortisone, and desensitization work?…

A: The general course of type I allergies is sensitization and production of mast cells, reexposure,…

Q: Describe the phenotype for the following two diseases and name the gene linked to each disorder. a)…

A: Genetic disorders  Genetic disorders are caused due to mutations in the gene of an individual. These…

Q: Why is pain a major component/symptom of many diseases and/or contributes to what te concept of a…

A: Pain is a negative sensory and emotional sensation that is connected to or resembles the sensation…

Q: Define the term anaphylaxis. what are its types?

A: Allergy can be defined as the immune system that responds to a foreign substance that is not…

Q: Describe the mechanism of action and clinical application of antihypertensive drug that can cause…

A: Antihypertensive drugs are mostly used by patients to relieve hypertension, that is they are direct…

Q: Discuss the modes of treatment of inflammation.

A: The body's process of fighting against foreign substances that cause harm to the body is known as…

Q: How are etiology and pathogenesis used to predict clinical manifestations and response to therapy?

A: Etiology refers to the study of the reasons or cause of the disease for a particular phenomenon…

Q: Explain how genetics influences the development of disease?

A: Genetics, investigation of heredity in general and of genes specifically. Genetics structures one of…

Q: List a few prion disorders.

A: Misfolded proteins that have the ability to transmit the misfolded pattern to the normal variants of…

Q: What is the common-sense model of illness?

A: Leventhal's Common Sense Model (CSM). CSM is used to understand people's responses to illness. The…

Q: Name the sources of the major inflammatory mediators

A: Inflammation can be defined as the response made by the immune system of the body concerning any…

Q: Explain what Hiv and AIDS are

A: HIV is a virus.“HIV” stands for human immunodeficiency virus. This virus leads to the deterioration…

Q: What types of therapy are used to fight AIDS?

A: Microorganisms or microbes are defined as organisms that cannot be viewed by unaided eyes and are…

Q: Describe the cellular and vascular events of inflammation which lead to the four classic signs of…

A: The cellular response to short-term cell injury or infection is known as acute inflammation. Acute…

Q: What is the difference between neurological viral diseases and other neurological diseases?

A: Neurological Disorder is defined as disorders that affect the brain as well as the nerves found…

Q: Identify the note on the Role of markers and receptors in presentation and activation.

A: Introduction  Our immune system plays key role in defence against harmful foreign particles be it…

Q: a) Mention the TNM classification of Cancer.?

A: Cancer is a significant health concern worldwide and can have a profound impact on an individual's…

Q: Which types of CVD could be treated with stem cell therapy?

A: The cardiovascular system is an organ system which distributes blood to all the parts of the body…

Q: Expand on the four combinations of the defining categories, usingexamples.

A: Humans develop their adaptive immunity, which is an immune response elicited by the immune system in…

Q: What are the autoimmune mechanisms that cause MS lesions?

A: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder which targets myelinated axons…

Q: What is inflammation? Describe the main characteristics of inflammation. What characterizes chronic…

A: Cell injury is a pathological process in which cells are damaged or stressed beyond their capacity…

Q: What is the most effective control of an arboviral disease ?

A: Arbovirus refers to the arthropod-borne virus. The viral transmission occurs by vectors like…

Q: Explain the multifaceted role of interferons as first responders to viral infection: Identify…

A: INTRODUCTION : Interferons : Interferons are a type of antiviral cytokines(proteins) which act as a…

Q: What is multiple sclerosis?   Why is it difficult to diagnose?  Name some symptoms a person could…

A: The nervous system is the control system of our body and it consists of neurons. The neurons receive…

Q: Explain the path of a monocyte from the blood to the tissue during inflammation

A:

Q: List a few prion disorders.

A: Prions are virus-like organisms that are made up of proteins. Prions have the ability to cause…

Q: Define type II hypersensitivity? Describe the immunological processes which underlie this…

A: Exaggerated or pathological immune responses to an antigen or allergen are referred to as…

Q: Drug-resistant TB can be acquired via sequential mutations in the pathogen’s genome, or via…

A: Bacteria can reach to large numbers by growing and multiplying quickly. During bacterial…

Q: Describe how acute inflammation differs from chronic inflammation. What characteristics do they…

A: The body's natural response to infection, damage, or sickness is inflammation, which gives…

Q: write down the pathogenesis of chronic transplant rejection.

A: There are three types of transplant rejection: hyperacute, acute, and chronic. Chronic rejection…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.