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In geologic cross section 4 of Exercise 12.5, Unit H has a thin volcanic ash bed at its base and zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 46.62; Dike d contains zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 2.413; and Dike f has hornblende with 50% of its parent potassium-40. • How old is Unit H?. • When (in years and using period names) were Units C, G, and J folded? Dike d? Dike f? How large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit B?

In geologic cross section 4 of Exercise 12.5, Unit H has a thin volcanic ash bed at its base and zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 46.62; Dike d contains zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 2.413; and Dike f has hornblende with 50% of its parent potassium-40. • How old is Unit H?. • When (in years and using period names) were Units C, G, and J folded? Dike d? Dike f? How large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit B?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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In geologic cross section 4 of Exercise 12.5, Unit H has a thin volcanic ash bed at its base and zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 46.62; Dike d contains zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 2.413; and Dike f has hornblende with 50% of its parent potassium-40. - How old is Unit H? ___________ - Dike d? ___________ - Dike f? ___________ - When (in years and using period names) were Units C, G, and J folded? ___ - How large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit B? ___ - How old is Unit I? ___ - If Unit I contains the brachiopods Neospirifer, Chonetes, and Schizophoria, how does this help narrow its possible age? ___ - In that case, how large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit H? ___
Transcribed Image Text:In geologic cross section 4 of Exercise 12.5, Unit H has a thin volcanic ash bed at its base and zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 46.62; Dike d contains zircon with a uranium-235:lead-207 ratio of 2.413; and Dike f has hornblende with 50% of its parent potassium-40. - How old is Unit H? ___________ - Dike d? ___________ - Dike f? ___________ - When (in years and using period names) were Units C, G, and J folded? ___ - How large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit B? ___ - How old is Unit I? ___ - If Unit I contains the brachiopods Neospirifer, Chonetes, and Schizophoria, how does this help narrow its possible age? ___ - In that case, how large a gap in the geologic record is represented by the unconformity below Unit H? ___
**Geologic Cross Section 4** This diagram illustrates a geologic cross section, providing a vertical view of the various layers and structures beneath the Earth's surface. The diagram follows the typical convention where the oldest formations are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top. - **Surface Layer**: At the very top, there is a depiction of vegetation, represented by trees and grass, indicating the present-day surface environment. - **Layer A**: The uppermost sedimentary layer, indicated by a light color, suggesting relatively recent deposition. - **Layer H**: A horizontal layer immediately below layer A, displayed with a pattern indicating a different type of material or sediment. - **Layer E**: A diagonal band cutting through layers A, H, and B, representing an intrusion or fault line, which suggests tectonic activity has disrupted the original layering. - **Layer B**: A speckled layer beneath layers A and H, consisting of larger rock fragments or till, likely representing a glacial deposit. - **Layer C**: A dark, stratified layer beneath layer B, indicating a complex geological history with different sedimentation episodes or rock types. - **Layer J**: Appears twice in the cross section with a speckled pattern beneath layer C and alongside layer G, showing a recurring material or sediment. - **Layers G and d**: These layers are depicted underneath the other geological formations and appear to be older, formed of solid rock. G is depicted with a striped pattern and d crosses through multiple layers as a diagonal feature, likely a dike or fault. - **Layers f**: It is a lighter band than G and is likely another form of intrusion or sedimentation event that has penetrated older layers vertically or diagonally. The diagram provides essential insights into the geological processes, such as deposition, erosion, intrusion, and tectonic movements, over geological time. The youngest formations, such as the surface vegetation, are at the top, and the oldest rock formations are at the bottom, indicating the chronological order of geological events.
Transcribed Image Text:**Geologic Cross Section 4** This diagram illustrates a geologic cross section, providing a vertical view of the various layers and structures beneath the Earth's surface. The diagram follows the typical convention where the oldest formations are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top. - **Surface Layer**: At the very top, there is a depiction of vegetation, represented by trees and grass, indicating the present-day surface environment. - **Layer A**: The uppermost sedimentary layer, indicated by a light color, suggesting relatively recent deposition. - **Layer H**: A horizontal layer immediately below layer A, displayed with a pattern indicating a different type of material or sediment. - **Layer E**: A diagonal band cutting through layers A, H, and B, representing an intrusion or fault line, which suggests tectonic activity has disrupted the original layering. - **Layer B**: A speckled layer beneath layers A and H, consisting of larger rock fragments or till, likely representing a glacial deposit. - **Layer C**: A dark, stratified layer beneath layer B, indicating a complex geological history with different sedimentation episodes or rock types. - **Layer J**: Appears twice in the cross section with a speckled pattern beneath layer C and alongside layer G, showing a recurring material or sediment. - **Layers G and d**: These layers are depicted underneath the other geological formations and appear to be older, formed of solid rock. G is depicted with a striped pattern and d crosses through multiple layers as a diagonal feature, likely a dike or fault. - **Layers f**: It is a lighter band than G and is likely another form of intrusion or sedimentation event that has penetrated older layers vertically or diagonally. The diagram provides essential insights into the geological processes, such as deposition, erosion, intrusion, and tectonic movements, over geological time. The youngest formations, such as the surface vegetation, are at the top, and the oldest rock formations are at the bottom, indicating the chronological order of geological events.
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