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Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden pea plants. Mendel presented his work in a paper entitled “Experiments in plant hybridization” at the meeting of the natural history society of Brunn. The external appearance of an individual for any trait is called the phenotype. The genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual with respect to a single or set of characters. Mendel gave various postulates regarding the inheritance of characters and these postulates later became the law of Mendel. The three laws given by Mendel are the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment.An allele that expresses itself even in the presence of an alternative allele is known as a dominant allele. The dominant allele is generally represented by the capital first letter of the dominant phenotype of the trait. An allele that is not expressed in the presence of an alternative allele is called a recessive allele. The recessive allele is generally represented by the small first letter of the dominant phenotype of the trait. A trait is an inherited character and its detectable variant. Mendel law of inheritance Law of dominance- It is the first law of Mendel.- It states that in a cross between two organisms that are pure for any pair of contrasting characters, the character that expresses in the first generation is dominant and the one which is suppressed is recessive. Law of segregation- It is the second law of Mendel. It states that members of allelic pairs in a hybrid remain together without mixing with each other and they segregate during gamete formation. Genetic traits of seeds are noted as follows L=long, l=short, W=wrinkled, w=smooth,Y=yellow, y=white, R=ribbed and r=grooved. The genotype for short, wrinkled, yellow, grooved seed is llWwYYrr. llWwyyrr- This genotype will produce short, wrinkled, white, and grooved seeds. LLWWyYRr- this genotype will produce long, wrinkled, yellow, and ribbed seeds. LlWwYYRr- This genotype will produce long, wrinkled, yellow, and ribbed seeds. llWwYYrr- This genotype will produce short, wrinkled, yellow, and grooved seeds.