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Functionally important traits in animals tend to vary little from one individual to the next within populations, possibly because individuals who deviate too much from the mean have lower fitness. If this is the case, does variance in a trait rise after it becomes less functionally important? Billet et al. (2012) investigated this question with the semicircular canals (SC) of the three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus). The authors proposed that since sloths don't move their heads much, the functional importance of SC is reduced, and may vary more than it does in more active animals. They obtained the following measurements of the ratio of the length to width of the anterior SC in 7 sloths. Assume this represents a random sample. In other, more active animals, the standard deviation of this ratio is 0.09. Sloth CW Ratios 1.5 1.09 0.98 1.42 1.49 1.25 1.18 Fill in the blank for a with the estimate of the standard deviation of this measurement in three-toed sloths to two decimals, and include the leading zero The 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of this data is

Functionally important traits in animals tend to vary little from one individual to the next within populations, possibly because individuals who deviate too much from the mean have lower fitness. If this is the case, does variance in a trait rise after it becomes less functionally important? Billet et al. (2012) investigated this question with the semicircular canals (SC) of the three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus). The authors proposed that since sloths don't move their heads much, the functional importance of SC is reduced, and may vary more than it does in more active animals. They obtained the following measurements of the ratio of the length to width of the anterior SC in 7 sloths. Assume this represents a random sample. In other, more active animals, the standard deviation of this ratio is 0.09. Sloth CW Ratios 1.5 1.09 0.98 1.42 1.49 1.25 1.18 Fill in the blank for a with the estimate of the standard deviation of this measurement in three-toed sloths to two decimals, and include the leading zero The 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of this data is

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**Text Transcription and Explanation for Educational Website** --- **Text:** Functionally important traits in animals tend to vary little from one individual to the next within populations, possibly because individuals who deviate too much from the mean have lower fitness. If this is the case, does variance in a trait rise after it becomes less functionally important? Billet et al. (2012) investigated this question with the semicircular canals (SC) of the three-toed sloth (*Bradypus variegatus*). The authors proposed that since sloths don't move their heads much, the functional importance of SC is reduced, and may vary more than it does in more active animals. They obtained the following measurements of the ratio of the length to width of the anterior SC in 7 sloths. Assume this represents a random sample. In other, more active animals, the standard deviation of this ratio is 0.09. **Sloth CW Ratios:** - 1.5 - 1.09 - 0.98 - 1.42 - 1.49 - 1.25 - 1.18 **Instructions:** Fill in the blank for **a** with the estimate of the standard deviation of this measurement in three-toed sloths to two decimals, and include the leading zero. **< σ < ____** (two decimals - include the leading zero) The 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of this data is **____**. Does this interval include the value obtained from other species? (answer yes or no in blank **d**) **d) ____** --- **Explanation of Diagram/Graph:** The image contains a list of measurements titled "Sloth CW Ratios," which represents the ratios of length to width of the anterior semicircular canals in three-toed sloths. There is no additional graphical content, such as charts or diagrams. This list is used to calculate statistical measures such as the standard deviation, which is compared to data from other, more active animals.
Transcribed Image Text:**Text Transcription and Explanation for Educational Website** --- **Text:** Functionally important traits in animals tend to vary little from one individual to the next within populations, possibly because individuals who deviate too much from the mean have lower fitness. If this is the case, does variance in a trait rise after it becomes less functionally important? Billet et al. (2012) investigated this question with the semicircular canals (SC) of the three-toed sloth (*Bradypus variegatus*). The authors proposed that since sloths don't move their heads much, the functional importance of SC is reduced, and may vary more than it does in more active animals. They obtained the following measurements of the ratio of the length to width of the anterior SC in 7 sloths. Assume this represents a random sample. In other, more active animals, the standard deviation of this ratio is 0.09. **Sloth CW Ratios:** - 1.5 - 1.09 - 0.98 - 1.42 - 1.49 - 1.25 - 1.18 **Instructions:** Fill in the blank for **a** with the estimate of the standard deviation of this measurement in three-toed sloths to two decimals, and include the leading zero. **< σ < ____** (two decimals - include the leading zero) The 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of this data is **____**. Does this interval include the value obtained from other species? (answer yes or no in blank **d**) **d) ____** --- **Explanation of Diagram/Graph:** The image contains a list of measurements titled "Sloth CW Ratios," which represents the ratios of length to width of the anterior semicircular canals in three-toed sloths. There is no additional graphical content, such as charts or diagrams. This list is used to calculate statistical measures such as the standard deviation, which is compared to data from other, more active animals.
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