Froya Fabrikker A/S of Bergen, Norway, is a small company that manufactures specialty heavy equipment for use in North Sea oil fields. The company uses a job-order costing system that applies manufacturing overhead cost to jobs on the basis of direct labor-hours. Its predetermined overhead rate was based on a cost formula that estimated $370,500 of manufacturing overhead for an estimated allocation base of 950 direct labor-hours. The following transactions took place during the year: a. Raw materials purchased on account, $270,000. b. Raw materials used in production (all direct materials), $255,000. c. Utility bills incurred on account, $73,000 (90% related to factory operations, and the remainder related to selling and administrative activities). d. Accrued salary and wage costs:
Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
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