For the signal 1. What type of modulation does this represent? 32-QAM 2. How many symbols are represented?! constellation shown below, Answer the following questions: 3. How many bits per symbol are used? 4. If the baud rate is 50000 symbols per second, what is the bit duration? ты (75
Quantization and Resolution
Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.
Probability of Error
This topic is widely taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses of:
![For the signal constellation shown below, Answer the following questions:
1. What type of modulation does this represent? 32-QAM
2. How many symbols are represented?!
3. How many bits per symbol are used?
4. If the baud rate is 50000 symbols per second,
what is the bit duration?
Rb = baude N
baud=b
Rb-
180
90
00000 00001 10001 10000
●
00100 01100 01000 11000 11100 10100
00101 01101 01001 11001 11101 10101
00111 01111 01011 10111 11111 11011
●
·
00110 01110 01010 10110 11110 11010
•
.
.
00010 00011 10010 10011
270
ты
Tb =(RD).
ть
Rb = Baud * N
0
(175)
2
2
AM = A Fe
200 Fm](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fac426933-315f-466f-a595-91dabf5de23d%2F66e6647a-8011-4414-8815-b210e918d4e1%2Fbwjufmb_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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