For the reaction below: H CI. H-CI a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference, not data from your text. Click the References button and then click the Tables link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units. b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? O c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written? Ⓒ

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question
# Bond Dissociation Energies

## Bond Dissociation Energies, D°<sub>298</sub>, for X-Y
**kJ/mol (kcal/mol)**

This table presents bond dissociation energies for various X-Y bonds. The values are given in both kJ/mol and kcal/mol (shown in parentheses).

| X \ Y =           | H          | F          | Cl          | Br          | I          | OH         | NH<sub>2</sub>     | CH<sub>3</sub>    | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | CN          |
|-------------------|------------|------------|-------------|-------------|------------|------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|-------------|
| CH<sub>3</sub>-     | 439 (105)  | 452 (108)  | 356 (85)    | 293 (70)    | 238 (57)   | 385 (92)   | 356 (85)         | 377 (90)         | 368 (88)         | 510 (122)   |
| CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>-  | 423 (101)  | 444 (106)  | 335 (80)    | 285 (68)    | 228 (53)   | 380 (91)   | 356 (85)         | 368 (88)         | 336 (80)         |             |
| (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH- | 409 (98)   | 448 (107)   | 339 (81)    | 274 (65)    | 226 (54)   | 385 (92)   |                  | 351 (84)         |                  |             |
| (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C-  | 404 (97)   |             | 331 (79)    | 263 (63)    | 213 (51)   | 380 (91)   | 339 (81)         |                  |                  |             |
| CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>- | 362 (86.5) |             | 289
Transcribed Image Text:# Bond Dissociation Energies ## Bond Dissociation Energies, D°<sub>298</sub>, for X-Y **kJ/mol (kcal/mol)** This table presents bond dissociation energies for various X-Y bonds. The values are given in both kJ/mol and kcal/mol (shown in parentheses). | X \ Y = | H | F | Cl | Br | I | OH | NH<sub>2</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | CN | |-------------------|------------|------------|-------------|-------------|------------|------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|-------------| | CH<sub>3</sub>- | 439 (105) | 452 (108) | 356 (85) | 293 (70) | 238 (57) | 385 (92) | 356 (85) | 377 (90) | 368 (88) | 510 (122) | | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | 423 (101) | 444 (106) | 335 (80) | 285 (68) | 228 (53) | 380 (91) | 356 (85) | 368 (88) | 336 (80) | | | (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH- | 409 (98) | 448 (107) | 339 (81) | 274 (65) | 226 (54) | 385 (92) | | 351 (84) | | | | (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C- | 404 (97) | | 331 (79) | 263 (63) | 213 (51) | 380 (91) | 339 (81) | | | | | CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>- | 362 (86.5) | | 289
**Chemical Reaction Enthalpy Estimation Problem**

**For the reaction below:**

![Benzene H + Cl radical forms Benzene radical + HCl]

**Questions:**

a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change **using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference**, not data from your text. Click the **References** button and then click the **Tables** link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units.

b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?

c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written?

**Detailed Explanation of Reaction Diagram:**

1. **Reactants**:
   - Benzene with an attached hydrogen atom (C₆H₅-H).
   - Chlorine radical (Cl•).

2. **Products**:
   - Benzene radical (C₆H₅•).
   - Hydrogen chloride (HCl).

The reaction shows the dissociation of a hydrogen atom from benzene and its combination with a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a benzene radical.

**Tasks to Perform**:
- Utilize the bond dissociation enthalpies to estimate the enthalpy change.
- Determine whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic based on the calculated enthalpy change.
- Assess the spontaneity of the reaction based on thermodynamic principles.
Transcribed Image Text:**Chemical Reaction Enthalpy Estimation Problem** **For the reaction below:** ![Benzene H + Cl radical forms Benzene radical + HCl] **Questions:** a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change **using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference**, not data from your text. Click the **References** button and then click the **Tables** link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units. b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written? **Detailed Explanation of Reaction Diagram:** 1. **Reactants**: - Benzene with an attached hydrogen atom (C₆H₅-H). - Chlorine radical (Cl•). 2. **Products**: - Benzene radical (C₆H₅•). - Hydrogen chloride (HCl). The reaction shows the dissociation of a hydrogen atom from benzene and its combination with a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a benzene radical. **Tasks to Perform**: - Utilize the bond dissociation enthalpies to estimate the enthalpy change. - Determine whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic based on the calculated enthalpy change. - Assess the spontaneity of the reaction based on thermodynamic principles.
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps with 2 images

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Thermochemistry
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY