For the reaction below: H CI. H-CI a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference, not data from your text. Click the References button and then click the Tables link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units. b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? O c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written? Ⓒ

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ChapterU5: Fire: Energy , Thermodynamics, And Oxidation-reduction
SectionU5.12: Over The Hill: Reversing Reactions
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# Bond Dissociation Energies

## Bond Dissociation Energies, D°<sub>298</sub>, for X-Y
**kJ/mol (kcal/mol)**

This table presents bond dissociation energies for various X-Y bonds. The values are given in both kJ/mol and kcal/mol (shown in parentheses).

| X \ Y =           | H          | F          | Cl          | Br          | I          | OH         | NH<sub>2</sub>     | CH<sub>3</sub>    | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | CN          |
|-------------------|------------|------------|-------------|-------------|------------|------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|-------------|
| CH<sub>3</sub>-     | 439 (105)  | 452 (108)  | 356 (85)    | 293 (70)    | 238 (57)   | 385 (92)   | 356 (85)         | 377 (90)         | 368 (88)         | 510 (122)   |
| CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>-  | 423 (101)  | 444 (106)  | 335 (80)    | 285 (68)    | 228 (53)   | 380 (91)   | 356 (85)         | 368 (88)         | 336 (80)         |             |
| (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH- | 409 (98)   | 448 (107)   | 339 (81)    | 274 (65)    | 226 (54)   | 385 (92)   |                  | 351 (84)         |                  |             |
| (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C-  | 404 (97)   |             | 331 (79)    | 263 (63)    | 213 (51)   | 380 (91)   | 339 (81)         |                  |                  |             |
| CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>- | 362 (86.5) |             | 289
Transcribed Image Text:# Bond Dissociation Energies ## Bond Dissociation Energies, D°<sub>298</sub>, for X-Y **kJ/mol (kcal/mol)** This table presents bond dissociation energies for various X-Y bonds. The values are given in both kJ/mol and kcal/mol (shown in parentheses). | X \ Y = | H | F | Cl | Br | I | OH | NH<sub>2</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub> | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | CN | |-------------------|------------|------------|-------------|-------------|------------|------------|------------------|------------------|------------------|-------------| | CH<sub>3</sub>- | 439 (105) | 452 (108) | 356 (85) | 293 (70) | 238 (57) | 385 (92) | 356 (85) | 377 (90) | 368 (88) | 510 (122) | | CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>- | 423 (101) | 444 (106) | 335 (80) | 285 (68) | 228 (53) | 380 (91) | 356 (85) | 368 (88) | 336 (80) | | | (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH- | 409 (98) | 448 (107) | 339 (81) | 274 (65) | 226 (54) | 385 (92) | | 351 (84) | | | | (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C- | 404 (97) | | 331 (79) | 263 (63) | 213 (51) | 380 (91) | 339 (81) | | | | | CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>- | 362 (86.5) | | 289
**Chemical Reaction Enthalpy Estimation Problem**

**For the reaction below:**

![Benzene H + Cl radical forms Benzene radical + HCl]

**Questions:**

a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change **using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference**, not data from your text. Click the **References** button and then click the **Tables** link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units.

b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?

c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written?

**Detailed Explanation of Reaction Diagram:**

1. **Reactants**:
   - Benzene with an attached hydrogen atom (C₆H₅-H).
   - Chlorine radical (Cl•).

2. **Products**:
   - Benzene radical (C₆H₅•).
   - Hydrogen chloride (HCl).

The reaction shows the dissociation of a hydrogen atom from benzene and its combination with a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a benzene radical.

**Tasks to Perform**:
- Utilize the bond dissociation enthalpies to estimate the enthalpy change.
- Determine whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic based on the calculated enthalpy change.
- Assess the spontaneity of the reaction based on thermodynamic principles.
Transcribed Image Text:**Chemical Reaction Enthalpy Estimation Problem** **For the reaction below:** ![Benzene H + Cl radical forms Benzene radical + HCl] **Questions:** a. Estimate the gas phase enthalpy change **using bond dissociation enthalpies from the OWL Table Reference**, not data from your text. Click the **References** button and then click the **Tables** link on the drop-down that appears. Include algebraic sign and units. b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? c. Is the reaction likely to proceed spontaneously in the direction written? **Detailed Explanation of Reaction Diagram:** 1. **Reactants**: - Benzene with an attached hydrogen atom (C₆H₅-H). - Chlorine radical (Cl•). 2. **Products**: - Benzene radical (C₆H₅•). - Hydrogen chloride (HCl). The reaction shows the dissociation of a hydrogen atom from benzene and its combination with a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a benzene radical. **Tasks to Perform**: - Utilize the bond dissociation enthalpies to estimate the enthalpy change. - Determine whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic based on the calculated enthalpy change. - Assess the spontaneity of the reaction based on thermodynamic principles.
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