For the plant in Exercise 4, assume that the total plant load varies between 150 MW and 500 MW. For minimum fuel costs when the plant supplies various total loads: a) Plot the incremental fuel cost of the plant against the total load b) Plot the load sharing between units over the whole range of total load variation.
Instructions and Operation
Nowadays, electrical engineers are required to evolve their practices by incorporating embedded processes, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, and so on. These processors are beneficial in many ways and have changed the perspective of electronic design.
Subroutine Instruction
Subroutine instruction is defined as the instructions used in the programming language in a sequence form saved in memory. They are used to doing a specific task. Subroutine instruction is called a unit that instructs to perform some needed task. There are many programming languages in which subroutine instructions are used but have a different identity or name, such as method, function, subprogram, routine, etc. Subroutine or sub-program is designed or coded as they can be called multiple times while executing the program.
Classification of Buses
A bus inside a microprocessor is a collection of wirelines that contain related information. A group of wires required for communication among the microprocessor and peripherals is known as a system bus. A bus is an electrical or digital passage across which bits are transferred between a variety of computer elements. It mainly links all the internal parts to the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and main memory. The width or size of any bus is crucial since it affects the amount of data that is transferred at a certain time period. Buses always transmit data parallelly, in a 32-bit bus, the information is supplied over 32 wirelines simultaneously and each bus comprises a clock speed measurable in MHz. The various types of buses inside a microprocessor are address bus, data bus, and control bus.
Execution of Instruction
A sequence of instructions makes up a program stored in a computer's memory unit. The CPU executes these instructions by going through a cycle for each instruction. The instruction cycle in a simple computer includes the steps listed below:
Please answer exercise 6. Refer to exercise 4.
![Exercise 4:
A power station comprises two synchronous generators with 200 MW and 400 MW output power
capacity. The two generators operate in parallel and are connected to the grid network. Both
generators have governor droop characteristics of 3% (no-load to full-load percentage speed
drop). Assume a free governor action.
a) If the supply frequency, determined by the grid, is 1.005 pu., calculate the total power
supplied by the power station.
b) The 400 MW machine is more efficient than the 200 MW machine. For the same total
power as determined in part (a), calculate the percentage adjustment in the no-load speed
to be made by the speeder motor on the two machines if the 400 MW machine is to operate
at its full capacity while the 200 MW machine supplies the difference. Assume that the
frequency of the grid supply to remain as in part (a).
Ans. 500 MW, 0.485% increase, 0.971% decrease
Exercise 6:
For the plant in Exercise 4, assume that the total plant load varies between 150 MW and 500
MW. For minimum fuel costs when the plant supplies various total loads:
a) Plot the incremental fuel cost of the plant against the total load
b) Plot the load sharing between units over the whole range of total load variation.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F97a068b0-60b1-4ad8-8e03-26eef5c13f4b%2Fc64b26e3-e922-482a-a2b7-a3e1b3d453e2%2F99p8hys_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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