For the molecule CHCl3, draw its Lewis Structure and then answer the following questions based on that structure. (The central atom in each case is the atom with the lowest electronegativity). How many valence electrons are in the molecule? (Remember to add an electron for each negative charge or to subtract one for each positive charge). How many lone pairs of electrons are in the central atom of the molecule? What is the electron pair geometry of the molecule? Tetrahedral Octahedral Triangular planar Trigonal Pyramidal Which of these structures could represent the three dimensional molecular shape of the molecule CHCl3? (Rotate the structures to perceive 3D shape. Pay attention to the angles!) What is (are) the bond angle(s) at the central atom of the molecule CHCl3? 104.5° 109.5° 90° 180° Would the molecule's structure be polar, nonpolar, or ionic? polar nonpolar ionic
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
For the molecule CHCl3, draw its Lewis Structure and then answer the following questions based on that structure. (The central atom in each case is the atom with the lowest electronegativity).
How many valence electrons are in the molecule? (Remember to add an electron for each negative charge or to subtract one for each positive charge).
How many lone pairs of electrons are in the central atom of the molecule?
What is the electron pair geometry of the molecule?
Tetrahedral
Octahedral
Triangular planar
Trigonal Pyramidal
Which of these structures could represent the three dimensional molecular shape of the molecule CHCl3? (Rotate the structures to perceive 3D shape. Pay attention to the angles!)
What is (are) the bond angle(s) at the central atom of the molecule CHCl3?
104.5°
109.5°
90°
180°
Would the molecule's structure be polar, nonpolar, or ionic?
polar
nonpolar
ionic
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