For the following decision problem, show that the problem is undecidable. Given a TM T and a nonhalting state q of T, does T ever enter state q when it begins with a blank tape?
Q: Question 5 Consider the following recognising Finite State Machine (FSM) S3 1,0 1,0 S1 S2 S4 So…
A: for a follow the path S0 -> S1 -> S3 for b follow the path S0 -> S1 -> S2 -> S1 ->…
Q: Answer the following questions based on the e-NFA given above. 1. Which of the following states are…
A: ∈-closure of a state q is the set of states we can reach from q by taking zero or more ∈transitions.…
Q: Suppose qa is an accepting state, and q, is a non-accepting state of a PDA. How many of the…
A: first lets understand the Instantaneous Description:(q,i,s) :q is current statei is inputs is stack…
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A: Note: As you have asked multiple questions, as per our policy, we will solve the first question for…
Q: 7. Let M = ({90: 91; 42}, {a, b}, ô, qo; {42}) be the DFA with transition table: a | b qo 90 91 q1…
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Q: [B'] We may rephrase [B] using the definition of GA to get the following state- ment. If A E P, and…
A: Answer :
Q: Choose all of the following that is a strictly decreasing derived variable on the states of the…
A: Given:
Q: Argue the correctness of the following loop invariant for Do-Math(): result = x-z Be sure to argue…
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Q: Let M be an NFA with n states. Show that if |L(M)| > 1 then 3w E L(M) with w| < n. You may use…
A: In this question we have to proof the fact that δ*(q0 , xy) = U p€δ*(qo,x) δ* (p,y) by…
Q: A time invariant system is a system whose outpu O a) Vanishes with a delay in the input Decreases…
A: Given data is
Q: Prove that L = {ww (a, b)*} is not context-free. Please show the work. WE
A: Given language L is {ww | w ε (a, b)+} A language is said to be context free language if that…
Q: Question 4: Assume that there is a problem in your computer and the random number generator…
A: Answer
Q: Q3) For the following Boolean expression, construct Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) with Shannon…
A: Given: Construct Binary Decision Diagram with Shannon expansion method,then use multiplexer to…
Q: Q. 4 For the following DFA, find the minimal DFA (minimal number of states (Arrow represent the…
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Q: 3. Consider the following state-transition diagram of a MC: 1 5 2 istr 3 7 (a) Find all classes. (b)…
A: A mathematical process that transitions with finite number of possible states from one state to…
Q: For a Turing machine M(.) with an input w, let M(w) be the output on the output tape if it stops in…
A: TMs model a general purpose computer's computational capacity, which can be defined informally…
Q: (b) Use Spin to prove that the algorithm is still correct: use an assertion to prove mutual…
A: The mutual exclusion problem is the problem of restricting the access to the critical section in the…
Q: Minimize the DFA M1 given by its transition table below into a minimal DFA M2 using the DFA…
A: We are given DFA M1 and we are going to minimize the DFA to M2. Minimization in DFA is done to make…
Q: For which sets of states is there a cloning operator? If the set has a cloning operator, give the…
A: There is a cloning operator and the operator is {|->}.
Q: Find minimally sized weak and strong backdoors of the following SAT instance for a sub-solverthat…
A: Answer: I have given answered in the handwritten format.
Q: Remove Null productions from the given CFG S→bS | aA A→ bA aF Λ F→ bF | Λ
A: NULL PRODUCTIONS: These are the productions of type S -> ℷ. A variable is said to be nullable if…
Q: A system is said to be causal if the output of the system at any time n depends only on present…
A: Actually, computer is an electronic device which takes input and gives output.
Q: þ Minimize the following DFA and identify the distinguishable and indistinguishable states. Also…
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Q: Consider the state machine whose states are triples of non-negative integers (r, s, a). The initial…
A: The solution for the above-given question is given below:
Q: process (MDP) at runtime; • given a policy, evaluate the policy, and improve it
A: our task in this problem is to write a program in the Julia programming language that performs the…
Q: Given L = {we {a, b}": w:contains at least two 0,s and at .exactly two 1,s} The minimal number of…
A: Given: We are given a language(L) that accepts the strings which have at least 2 0's and exactly 2…
Q: Prove that C = { |M(w) goes into state q4 during its computation} is undecidable.
A: Introduction Prove that C = { < M,w > |M(w) goes into state q4 during its computation} is…
Q: Question 2–Decidability–True or False? For each of the following statements: determine (and state…
A: Given: 2. Question 2-Decidability-True or False? For each of the following statements: determine…
Q: Consider the following solution to the critical-section problem of two-processes: turn:= 0, busy :=…
A: Mutual exclusion is satisfied only when critical section is accessed by only 1 process at a time…
Q: Assume you have the following Mealy machine: (0.1.go.6.4.A) Where = (0.1} is the input alphabet set,…
A: Please find your solution below in second step:-
Q: Consider a DFA over E = {a, b} accepting all %3D strings which have number of a's divisible by 6 and…
A: Introduction :We have asked for the numbers of states in the DFA which will accept the string which…
Q: 4, Consi der the level 1 DFD on hest bafe. @) Lomplate this DED by mentibmning; why in the DED drawn…
A: Note: There are multiple questions given in one question. According to the rule, you will get the…
Q: Consider a system with input x(t) and output y(t) . The relationship between input and output is…
A: given: input x(t) output y(t) y(t) = x(t)x(t − 2) Find: a. Is the system causal or non-causal?…
Q: Question 2 Prove that the following instance of PCP does not have a match [aba, bb], [ab, a], [bab,…
A: PCP:It is an undecidable problem. When the set are not same then there is no match ,when they are…
Q: b) A telephone exchange multiplexes 64 Kb/s voice calls onto a 256 Kb/s trunk line (therefore the…
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Q: Draw a non-deterministic PDA that recognizes the following: ‒‒‒‒‒‒ a. {wOwR | w€ {0,1}* } R is for…
A: Non-deterministic PDA (NPDA): It require multiple computation to check acceptance of string .…
Q: Consider the Turing machine M whose graph is given in the attached DATASHEET. (a) Give the formal…
A: The formal definition of this turning machine is it will accept all languages of the form ^(1*)^ As…
Q: A system is said to be completely observable if there exists an unconstrained control u(t) that can…
A: Given The answer is given below.
Q: Question 5 Consider the following recognising Finite State Machine (FSM) S3 1,0 1,0 1 S2 S4 So State…
A: Part d is Not Accepted in the Finite Automata
Q: 1. Let M be the PDA below: a λ/A a A/λ bλ/B b B/λ 22/2 a) Give the transition table of M. b) Trace…
A: According to the information given:- We have to follow the PDA and create transition table of M,…
Q: 1. A system has the input-output relation given by: y[n] = T{x[n]} = nx[n] Determine whether the…
A: Actually, given relation y[n]=T{x[n]}=nx[n]
Q: Given five memor uctive processes as
A: 5 memory partitions
Q: 4) Consider the system with the following input-output relation with x[n] and y[n] being input and…
A: a) The given system is memory less because the output of the system at time n, is only dependent on…
Q: 4. Let M (Q,E,9,,8,F) be the NDFA such that Q={qo•91»9z}, E = {a,b}, F = {q,}, the initial state is…
A: 4.a.the transition diagram of M b.the strings accepted by M
Q: Write an algorithm using Peterson’s solution
A: ANSWER: Peterson's Algorithm:
Q: 6. Given the data set with one input Il and one output O: I 1 2.5 4.6 1 3.8 1 Apply the ChiMerge…
A: Answer: Threshold value for chi test is 1.0
Q: Using the technique presented in class, find the weakest precondition for the following Hoare triple…
A: So we have to find the weakest precondition for the following hoare logic
Q: find the associated guarantee:
A: Solution :- The game matrix is mention in the above given question Need to compute the associated…
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- Prove that C = { < M,w > |M(w) goes into state q4 during its computation} is undecidable.Correct answer will be upvoted else downvoted. Computer science. lamp can be coordinated to enlighten either a few lights to the left or a few lamps to the right. In the event that the I-th lamp is gone to one side, it enlightens all such lights j that j∈[i−pi,i−1]. Also, in case it is gone to one side, it enlightens all such lamps j that j∈[i+1,i+pi]. You will probably pick a course for every light so every lamp is enlightened by undoubtedly another lamp, or report that it is incomprehensible. Input The primary line contains one integer t (1≤t≤10000) — the number of experiments. Each experiment comprises of two lines. The primary line contains one integer n (2≤n≤3⋅105) — the number of lamps. The subsequent line contains n integers p1,p2,… ,pn (0≤pi≤n) — the force of the I-th lamp. The amount of n over all experiments doesn't surpass 3⋅105. Output For each experiment, print the appropriate response as follows: In case it is feasible to coordinate all lamps…The Harvard robotics club has organized a Robothon. n robots are placed alongthe edge of a circular area at the middle of the OAT(open air theatre). Each robot will move along arbitrary tracksinside the circle while leaving behind a heat signature along its trail. However, they have beenprogrammed not to cross their own trail or the trail of another robot, neither will they ever moveout of the circle. In case a pair of robots i and j meet at any point, they are removed from the sceneand the club will pay a reward sum of M[i, j] to the owners of these robots. Note that some robotscan keep moving infinitely without ever meeting another one. Given the reward matrix M whereM[i, j] = M[j, i], design a polynomial time algorithm that determines the maximum money theclub might potentially end up spending. For this particular problem, give a very brief justificationof the recurrence. Give pseudo-code for a dynamic program which solves the recurrence efficiently Youdo not need to prove…
- Correct answer will be upvoted else downvoted. Computer science. Pekora can hop on trampolines in numerous passes. She begins the pass by hopping on any trampoline of her decision. If right now Pekora bounces on trampoline I, the trampoline will dispatch her to situate i+Si, and Si will become equivalent to max(Si−1,1). As such, Si will diminish by 1, besides of the case Si=1, when Si will stay equivalent to 1. In the event that there is no trampoline in position i+Si, this ignore is. Any other way, Pekora will proceed with the pass by bouncing from the trampoline at position i+Si by a similar guideline as above. Pekora can't quit hopping during the pass until she arrives at the position bigger than n (in which there is no trampoline). Poor Pekora! Pekora is a devious bunny and needs to demolish the jumping center by decreasing all Si to 1. What is the base number of passes she wants to decrease all Si to 1? Input The main line contains a solitary integer t…Find a regular expression for L = {vwv : v, w ∈ {a, b}*, |v| ≤ 4} The answer is not (a + b)*. Please explain your work.A system is said to be completely observable if there exists an unconstrained control u(t) that can transfer any initial state x(to) to any other desired location x(t) in a finite time to T. b. Investigate the observability of the system below. (X1 X2, -2 (X1 y = [1 2] Knowing that X = Ax + Bu and y= Cx.
- For f(a, b) = (a | b) | b (a) Simplify f(a, b). (b) Find DNF for f(a, b). (c) Is f(a, b) satisfiable?A={w ∈{0, 1}* | w contains at least two successive 0s or at least two successive 1s} The state diagram for an ε-NFA?The ff. descibes a (1) A finite set Q of states; (2) An initial state qo e Q; (3) A finite set I of input symbols; (4) A subset FS Q of accepting states; (5) A finite set rɔ I of tape symbols, including a special blank symbol Ber-I; and (6) A partial transition function & that maps (Q - F) x [ to Q x [ x {L,R}. O Turing Machine FSM O Push-down Automata O Non-deterministic finite automaton
- Let E={〈M〉| M is a TM and every string in L(M) has even length}. Argue that the property described in E is not trivial – i.e., that Rice’s theorem applies to E.Write a short computer program to calculate CV for an Einstein solid and show these results as a graph of CV /N k vs. kT/. Include three scenarios: The q << N and q >> N limits and also the more general case which is applicable for "any" q.Let W = { ⟨X,Y⟩ | X and Y are DFAs and L(X) ⊆ L(Y)}. Show that W is decidable.