For the following circuit, if a sinusoidal signal with a peak value of 10 V is applied to the input. (Assume that Vf(LED)= 1.2V). Describe the operation of this circuit in full details. Sketch the input and output voltages. 10V VREF, HIGH Input Voltage -10V 5V 10V Buffer Output Voltage VREF, LOW LED =2V 31 k -10V

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Types of Charge Carriers

A carrier is a type of object which carries a particular thing from one point to another point. For instance, people use different vehicles from one place to another, and the vehicle carries those people and acts as a carrier.