For eachof the following events and assuming ceteris paribus, describe and explain concisely the effects, if any, on the IS schedule and/or the LM schedule (or alternatively the MP schedule) and hence the output and real interest rate in equilibrium. a). Taxes fall. b). Government purchases fall but at the same time the central bank changes its policy to set a higher real interest rate at a given level of output than before. c). The demand for real money balances increases.

For eachof the following events and assuming ceteris paribus, describe and explain concisely the effects, if any, on the IS schedule and/or the LM schedule (or alternatively the MP schedule) and hence the output and real interest rate in equilibrium. a). Taxes fall. b). Government purchases fall but at the same time the central bank changes its policy to set a higher real interest rate at a given level of output than before. c). The demand for real money balances increases.

Macroeconomics: Private and Public Choice (MindTap Course List)

16th Edition

ISBN:9781305506756

Author:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. Macpherson

Publisher:James D. Gwartney, Richard L. Stroup, Russell S. Sobel, David A. Macpherson

Chapter12: Fiscal Policy, Incentives, And Secondary Effects

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CQ

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b
"that lowering interest rates in the recessionary COVID-19 period is good policy because it will guarantee consumers will spend more as it is cheaper to borrow money" do you agree or disagree with this statement? provide two reasons why?
4) a Suppose there is a decrease in consumer optimism about the future (often called a decrease in consumer confidence). Specifically assume that consumer confidence (co) falls. What will be the effect on consumption for any level of output and taxes? Show how the change in consumption behavior will affect the IS-LM diagram. What is the effect on output and the interest rate? b Suppose the Federal Reserve wanted to eliminate the effects on output you described in part (a). What could the Federal Reserve do to maintain constant output? In an IS-LM diagram, show how this policy, when combined with the decrease in consumer confidence, maintains constant output. How is investment ultimately affected by the combination of the decrease in confidence and the Federal Reserve policy? How is consumption affected?
6) Consider the following IS-LM model: C = 200+ 0.25YD I = 150+ 0.25Y -1000i G = 250 T = 200 M = 2Y - 8,000i M = 1,600 P a. Derive the IS relation. b. Derive the LM relation. c. Solve for the equilibrium real output. d. Solve for the equilibrium interest rate. e. Solve for the equilibrium values of C and I and verify the value you obtained for Y by adding up C, I, and G. M 1,840 f. Now suppose that the money supply increases to P Solve for Y, i, C, and I, and describe in words the effects of an expansionary monetary policy. M P g. Set equal to its initial value of 1,600. Now suppose that government spending increases to G = 400. Summarize the effects of an expansionary fiscal policy on Y, i, and C.
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Explain the IS LM model for reduced policy rate in goods and services market and finincal market
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Japanese monetary policy has been at the zero lower bound for more than a decade. The Bank of Japan recently announced an increase in its target rate of inflation from 1 percent to 2 percent. The evidence available so far suggests that this announcement has increased expected inflation. a. Show the effects of this development in an IS-MP diagram accounting for the zero lower bound. What are the effects on the real interest rate (r) and output (Y)? b. How would this development affect the real exchange rate and the net exports (NX)? c. The Bank of Japan also announced a program of quantitative easing where it will buy a large amount of long-term public and private debt. What is this program likely to do to long-term nominal interest rates? If investment depends on long term rates, how would you expect this part of the program to show up in the IS-MP diagram? What will it do to output?
a
Consider the following IS-LM model:C=200+0.25YdI=150+0.25Y-1000iG=250T=200Real Money Demand=M/P=2Y-8000iReal Money Supply=1600a. Derive the IS relation.b. Derive the LM relation.c. Solve for equilibrium real output and interest rate and show it in a graph, draw IS and LM curves.d. Solve for values of C, G and I and verify that they add up to Y you obtained in part c.e. Now suppose that the money supply increases to M/P=1840. Solve for Y, i, C and I and describe inwords the effects of an expansionary monetary policy. Show the change in a graph.f. Set M/P to its initial value of 1600. Now suppose that government spending increases to G=400.Summarise the effects of an expansionary fiscal policy on Y, i, C. Use a graph to show the shift in ISand/or LM.
Economics Suppose that the effects of COVID-19 on the economy can be thought of as a permanent negative productivity shock, i.e., a permanent decrease of the production owing to lower total factor productivity. What does the model predict will happen to the following variables: (1) real interest rate, (2) real output), (3) real consumption, (4) real investment, (5) labor input? For each variable explain why COVID-19 would have the predicted effect.
4. Consider the following IS-LM model: Consumption:C = 200 + .25YD Investment : I = 150 + .25Y -1000i Taxes : T = 200 Government Expenditures : G = 250 Demand for Real Money Balances : (M/P)d = 2Y -8000i Money Supply : M/P = 1600 a. Derive the IS relation. (Hint: You want an equation with Y on the left side and everything else on the right.) 9-C-1+G Y= 200 0.25 (Y-200) + 150 0.25 4-1000(1) +250+ Y- 200 0.254-50+1500. 25Y- 1000i+250G 93D550-1000 b. Derive the LM relation. (Hint: Write this equation with i on the left side and everything else on the right.)