For each of the species below, identify any cyclic conjugated system, then: A. Determine the number of electrons in a system of cyclic conjugation (zero if no cyclic conjugation). B. Specify whether the species is "a"-aromatic, "aa"-anti-aromatic, or "na"-non-aromatic (neither aromatic nor anti-aromatic). (Presume rings to be planar unless structure obviously prevents planarity. If there is more than one conjugated ring, count electrons in the largest.) 1. A.Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system. B.The compound is (a, aa, or na) OCH3 2. A.Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system. B.The compound is (a, aa, or na)
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
![For each of the species below, identify any cyclic conjugated system, then:
A. Determine the number of electrons in a system of cyclic conjugation (zero if no cyclic conjugation).
B. Specify whether the species is "a"-aromatic, "aa"-anti-aromatic, or "na"-non-aromatic (neither aromatic nor anti-aromatic).
(Presume rings to be planar unless the structure obviously prevents planarity. If there is more than one conjugated ring, count electrons in the largest.)
**1. [Hexagon structure without any additional symbols]**
- **A. Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system:**
- **B. The compound is (a, aa, or na):**
**2. [Hexagon structure with OH attached to the carbon of the hexagon]**
- **A. Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system:**
- **B. The compound is (a, aa, or na):**
Explanation:
1. **Structure 1:**
- This is a hexagon with no additional symbols or details, often representing a cyclohexane ring, but there are no double bonds indicating conjugation.
2. **Structure 2:**
- This hexagon has an OH group attached to one of the carbons, which is a common representation of phenol (a benzene ring with a hydroxyl group).
In each of the questions, students are required to determine:
- The number of π-electrons involved in the conjugation within the ring structure.
- Whether the compound is aromatic (a), anti-aromatic (aa), or non-aromatic (na), based on the number of electrons and the predefined rules of aromaticity.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe5309a50-92ea-42e3-946e-c637f882638a%2F05f48958-ea33-4039-a131-0ee82221c512%2Fnasmsu_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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