For each of the following trivial names, draw the structure and write the correct IUPAC name. (a) acrylonitrile; (b) fumaronitrile; (c) malononitrile; (d) phthalonitrile; (e) valeronitrile

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For each of the following trivial names, draw the structure and write the correct IUPAC name. (a) acrylonitrile; (b) fumaronitrile; (c) malononitrile; (d) phthalonitrile; (e) valeronitrile

Expert Solution
Step 1

An organic compound with Chemistry homework question answer, step 1, image 1as functional group is called nitrile

Nomenclature of Nitriles

  • The parent alkane is named, this is the carbon chain including nitrile, this is then followed with the word -nitrile.
  • Numbering is done from the carbon atom with nitrile.
  • In the case of cycloalkanes, carbonitrile is written as a suffix and here, the substituent name is given cyano.

 

Step 2

The structure and  IUPAC name

(a) acrylonitrile

The structure of acrylonitrile is,

Chemistry homework question answer, step 2, image 1

Its IUPAC name is 2-Propenenitrile.

(b) fumaronitrile

The structure of fumaronitrile is,

Chemistry homework question answer, step 2, image 2

Its IUPAC name is (2E)-2-Butenedinitrile

 

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