For each of the correlational relationships below, find at least one confound (also called third-variables) that could help us to explain this relationship (rather than assuming that a causal relationship between variables exists). Remember, confounds in correlational studies explain the relationship between variables because they cause both variables, rather than one or the other. Therefore, be sure to explain how a confound influences both variables in your responses. 1. Overweight people who carry their weight in the abdomen (“apple-shaped people”) are more prone to die of heart attacks than those who carry their weight in the hips and thighs (“pear-shaped people”). Should we encourage exercise targeting these particular regions of the body? 2. A study conducted by researchers at the University of Colorado between 1987 and 1995 showed that regular church attendance possibly resulted in a longer lifespan. Does this mean that going to church ensures a longer lifespan than other people? 3. A researcher found that increases in bikini wearing were related to increases in murder rates. Should we ban bikinis to keep people from murdering each other?
For each of the correlational relationships below, find at least one confound (also called third-variables) that could help us to explain this relationship (rather than assuming that a causal relationship between variables exists). Remember, confounds in correlational studies explain the relationship between variables because they cause both variables, rather than one or the other. Therefore, be sure to explain how a confound influences both variables in your responses.
1. Overweight people who carry their weight in the abdomen (“apple-shaped people”) are more prone to die of heart attacks than those who carry their weight in the hips and thighs (“pear-shaped people”). Should we encourage exercise targeting these particular regions of the body?
2. A study conducted by researchers at the University of Colorado between 1987 and 1995 showed that regular church attendance possibly resulted in a longer lifespan. Does this mean that going to church ensures a longer lifespan than other people?
3. A researcher found that increases in bikini wearing were related to increases in murder rates. Should we ban bikinis to keep people from murdering each other?
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