For a research project, a student decided to test the effect of the lead(II) ion (Pb²*) on the ability of salmon eggs to hatch. This ion was obtainable from the water-soluble salt, lead(1I) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2, which the student decided to make by the following reaction. (The desired product was to be isolated by the slow evaporation of the water.) PbO(s) + 2HNO3(aq) → Pb(NO3)2(aq) + H2O Losses of product for various reasons were expected, and a yield of 83.6% was expected. In order to have 4.70 g of product at this yield, how many grams of PbO should be taken? (Assume that sufficient nitric acid, HNO3, would be used.) g PbO
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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