footing carries concentrically a square column 0.40m x 0.40m. Design data: Column factored loads: DL = 570KN LL = 460kN Concrete cover to the centroid of footing reinforcement = 110mm %3D Concrete f'c = 21MPA Steel fy- 415MPA Allowable stresses at ultimate loads: For diagonal tension or two way action shear = 1.52MP. For wide-beam shear = 0.78MPA Maximum steel ratio for moment = 0.016 What is the minimum thickness (mm) of footing required for punching shear? b. Determine the minimum thickness (mm) of footing required for wide beam shear. Determine the minimum thickness (mm) of footing required for maximum moment. а.

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Q: 3. A column shown below has tie reinforcement conforming to ACI 25.7.3. Assume normal- weight…

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A: We know that Vc is shear strength provided by the concrete section and is given by Vc = 2f'c*bw*d…

Load and resistance factor design

Load and resistance factors design (LRFD), also known as Limit state design (LSD), refers to the design method used in building engineering. A boundary condition is a condition of a structure where it can no longer meet the relevant design requirements. The condition may refer to the load level or other actions on the structure, while the terms refer to the integrity of the structure, suitability for use, durability, or other design requirements. A structure designed for LRFD is limited to keeping track of all possible actions during its design time and is always ready for use, with the appropriate level of reliability in each boundary condition. LRFD-based construction codes clearly define the appropriate levels of reliability in their instructions.