Fluid originally flows through a tube at a rate of 110 cm3 /s. To illustrate the sensitivity of flow rate to various factors, calculate the new flow rate for the following changes with all other factors remaining the same as in the original conditions. Randomized VariablesPx = 2.5 ηx = 3.2 rx = 0.14 lx = 4.6 Q = 110 cm3/s Part (a)  Calculate the new flow rate in cm3/s if the pressure difference increases by a factor of 2.5 .  Part (d)  Calculate the new flow rate if another tube is used with a radius 0.14 times the original.     Part (e)  Calculate the new flow rate if yet another tube is substituted with a radius 0.14 times the original and half the length, and the pressure difference is increased by a factor of 2.5.

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Fluid Dynamics

The study of the flow of gases and liquids, usually in and around solid surfaces, is known as fluid dynamics in physics and engineering. Fluid dynamics, for example, can be used to evaluate the movement of air through an airplane wing or the surface of a vehicle. It can also be used in ship design to increase the speed at which ships pass through water.