Find the net potential (DE°) and DG° (in kJ/mol) and Keg for the reaction below and determine if the reaction is spontaneous. Also identify the oxidizing agent and reducing agent: Malate + NAD+ → Oxaloacetate + NADH + H* Please use the table of standard reduction potential (E°) below for completing your calculations. Handwrite the answer to this question on a sheet of paper, scan it and upload your answers. Show detailed steps! Just showing the final numerical value for the answer for each question will receive no credit. TABLE 9.1 Standard Reduction Potentials* Standard Reduction Potentials (Eº) (V) Redox Half-Reaction 2H + 2e → H2 -0.42 a-Ketoglutarate + CO2 + 2H* + 2e¯ → isocitrate NADP+ + H* + 2e → NADPH -0.38 -0.324 NAD* + H* + 2e - NADH S+2H* + 2e – H;S FAD + 2H* + 2e™ → FADH, -0.32 -0.23 --0.22 Acetaldehyde + 2H* + 2e¯ → ethanol Pyruvate + 2H* + 2e¯ → lactate -0.20 -0.19 Oxaloacetate + 2H* + 2e¯ → malate --0.166 Cu2+ + e → Cu* +0.16 Fumarate + 2H + 2e → succinate Cytochrome b (Fe3+) + e¯ → cytochrome b (Fe2*) Cytochrome c, (Fe3+) + e¯ → cytochrome c, (Fe2+) Cytochrome c (Fe3+) + e → cytochrome c (Fe2+) Cytochrome a (Fe3+)+ e→ cytochrome a (Fe2+) NO,-+ 2H* + 2e → NO,- + H20 1. +0.031 +0.075 +0.22 +0.235 +0.29 +0.42 OCT 3. étv
Find the net potential (DE°) and DG° (in kJ/mol) and Keg for the reaction below and determine if the reaction is spontaneous. Also identify the oxidizing agent and reducing agent: Malate + NAD+ → Oxaloacetate + NADH + H* Please use the table of standard reduction potential (E°) below for completing your calculations. Handwrite the answer to this question on a sheet of paper, scan it and upload your answers. Show detailed steps! Just showing the final numerical value for the answer for each question will receive no credit. TABLE 9.1 Standard Reduction Potentials* Standard Reduction Potentials (Eº) (V) Redox Half-Reaction 2H + 2e → H2 -0.42 a-Ketoglutarate + CO2 + 2H* + 2e¯ → isocitrate NADP+ + H* + 2e → NADPH -0.38 -0.324 NAD* + H* + 2e - NADH S+2H* + 2e – H;S FAD + 2H* + 2e™ → FADH, -0.32 -0.23 --0.22 Acetaldehyde + 2H* + 2e¯ → ethanol Pyruvate + 2H* + 2e¯ → lactate -0.20 -0.19 Oxaloacetate + 2H* + 2e¯ → malate --0.166 Cu2+ + e → Cu* +0.16 Fumarate + 2H + 2e → succinate Cytochrome b (Fe3+) + e¯ → cytochrome b (Fe2*) Cytochrome c, (Fe3+) + e¯ → cytochrome c, (Fe2+) Cytochrome c (Fe3+) + e → cytochrome c (Fe2+) Cytochrome a (Fe3+)+ e→ cytochrome a (Fe2+) NO,-+ 2H* + 2e → NO,- + H20 1. +0.031 +0.075 +0.22 +0.235 +0.29 +0.42 OCT 3. étv
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Find the net potential
![**Educational Resource: Calculating Reaction Potentials**
**Objective:**
Calculate the net potential (ΔE°') and ΔG°' (in kJ/mol) for a given biochemical reaction, and determine the equilibrium constant (K_eq) to assess if the reaction is spontaneous. Also, identify the oxidizing and reducing agents.
**Given Reaction:**
Malate + NAD⁺ → Oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺
**Instructions:**
Utilize the **Standard Reduction Potentials (E°')** table provided for necessary calculations. Handwrite your solution on a physical sheet including all calculations. Upload a scanned version of your work. Simply providing the final number will not suffice; detailed steps must be shown.
**Data Table: Standard Reduction Potentials (E°')**
| Redox Half-Reaction | Standard Reduction Potentials (E°') [V] |
|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
| 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂ | -0.42 |
| α-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → isocitrate | -0.38 |
| NADP⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻ → NADPH | -0.324 |
| NAD⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻ → NADH | -0.32 |
| S + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂S | -0.23 |
| FAD + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → FADH₂ | -0.22 |
| Acetaldehyde + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → ethanol | -0.20 |
| Pyruvate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → lactate | -0.19 |
| Oxaloacetate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → malate | -0.166 |
| Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu | +0.15 |
| Fumarate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → succinate | +0.031 |
| Cytochrome b [Fe³⁺] + e⁻ → cytochrome b](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F824f7d25-af64-48b0-b0b8-94a1bfd24867%2Ff1fcc178-974f-41c8-8b65-c70f199df022%2Ft2vkcqe_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Resource: Calculating Reaction Potentials**
**Objective:**
Calculate the net potential (ΔE°') and ΔG°' (in kJ/mol) for a given biochemical reaction, and determine the equilibrium constant (K_eq) to assess if the reaction is spontaneous. Also, identify the oxidizing and reducing agents.
**Given Reaction:**
Malate + NAD⁺ → Oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺
**Instructions:**
Utilize the **Standard Reduction Potentials (E°')** table provided for necessary calculations. Handwrite your solution on a physical sheet including all calculations. Upload a scanned version of your work. Simply providing the final number will not suffice; detailed steps must be shown.
**Data Table: Standard Reduction Potentials (E°')**
| Redox Half-Reaction | Standard Reduction Potentials (E°') [V] |
|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
| 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂ | -0.42 |
| α-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → isocitrate | -0.38 |
| NADP⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻ → NADPH | -0.324 |
| NAD⁺ + H⁺ + 2e⁻ → NADH | -0.32 |
| S + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂S | -0.23 |
| FAD + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → FADH₂ | -0.22 |
| Acetaldehyde + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → ethanol | -0.20 |
| Pyruvate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → lactate | -0.19 |
| Oxaloacetate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → malate | -0.166 |
| Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu | +0.15 |
| Fumarate + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → succinate | +0.031 |
| Cytochrome b [Fe³⁺] + e⁻ → cytochrome b
![**Table 9.1: Standard Reduction Potentials**
This table lists the standard reduction potentials (E°') for various redox half-reactions. The potentials are measured in volts (V) and indicate the tendency of a chemical species to be reduced. A more positive E°' value means a greater tendency for reduction.
| Redox Half-Reaction | Standard Reduction Potentials (E°') [V] |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|
| 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → H<sub>2</sub> | –0.42 |
| α-Ketoglutarate + CO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → isocitrate | –0.38 |
| NADP<sup>+</sup> + H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → NADPH | –0.324 |
| NAD<sup>+</sup> + H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → NADH | –0.32 |
| S + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → H<sub>2</sub>S | –0.23 |
| FAD + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → FADH<sub>2</sub> | –0.22 |
| Acetaldehyde + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → ethanol | –0.20 |
| Pyruvate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → lactate | –0.19 |
| Oxaloacetate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → malate | –0.166 |
| Cu<sup>2+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → Cu | +0.16 |
| Fumarate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F824f7d25-af64-48b0-b0b8-94a1bfd24867%2Ff1fcc178-974f-41c8-8b65-c70f199df022%2Fv4yityn_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Table 9.1: Standard Reduction Potentials**
This table lists the standard reduction potentials (E°') for various redox half-reactions. The potentials are measured in volts (V) and indicate the tendency of a chemical species to be reduced. A more positive E°' value means a greater tendency for reduction.
| Redox Half-Reaction | Standard Reduction Potentials (E°') [V] |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|
| 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → H<sub>2</sub> | –0.42 |
| α-Ketoglutarate + CO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → isocitrate | –0.38 |
| NADP<sup>+</sup> + H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → NADPH | –0.324 |
| NAD<sup>+</sup> + H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → NADH | –0.32 |
| S + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → H<sub>2</sub>S | –0.23 |
| FAD + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → FADH<sub>2</sub> | –0.22 |
| Acetaldehyde + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → ethanol | –0.20 |
| Pyruvate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → lactate | –0.19 |
| Oxaloacetate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → malate | –0.166 |
| Cu<sup>2+</sup> + 2e<sup>–</sup> → Cu | +0.16 |
| Fumarate + 2H<sup>+</sup> + 2e<sup>–
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