Find the length of the curve. x = cos t y = sint 0

Calculus: Early Transcendentals
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285741550
Author:James Stewart
Publisher:James Stewart
Chapter1: Functions And Models
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RCC: (a) What is a function? What are its domain and range? (b) What is the graph of a function? (c) How...
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**Problem Statement:**

Find the length of the curve defined by the parametric equations:

\[ x = \cos t \]

\[ y = \sin t \]

for the parameter interval \( 0 \leq t \leq 2\pi \).

**Explanation:**

The equations represent the parametric form of a circle with a radius of 1. The task is to calculate the circumference of this circle, given the range of the parameter \( t \) from 0 to \( 2\pi \).

**Calculation Steps:**

1. **Identify the Curve:**
   - The equations describe a unit circle centered at the origin in the Cartesian plane.

2. **Use the Formula for Arc Length of a Parametric Curve:**
   - The arc length \( L \) of a parametric curve from \( t = a \) to \( t = b \) is given by:
     \[
     L = \int_{a}^{b} \sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2} \, dt
     \]

3. **Compute Derivatives:**
   - \( \frac{dx}{dt} = -\sin t \)
   - \( \frac{dy}{dt} = \cos t \)

4. **Substitute in the Arc Length Formula:**
   - \( \left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 = \sin^2 t \)
   - \( \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = \cos^2 t \)
   - Therefore, \( \left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = \sin^2 t + \cos^2 t = 1 \)

5. **Simplify and Calculate:**
   - The integral becomes:
     \[
     L = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \sqrt{1} \, dt = \int_{0}^{2\pi} 1 \, dt = [t]_{0}^{2\pi} = 2\pi
     \]

**Conclusion:**

The length of the curve, which is the circumference of the unit circle, is \( 2\pi \).
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** Find the length of the curve defined by the parametric equations: \[ x = \cos t \] \[ y = \sin t \] for the parameter interval \( 0 \leq t \leq 2\pi \). **Explanation:** The equations represent the parametric form of a circle with a radius of 1. The task is to calculate the circumference of this circle, given the range of the parameter \( t \) from 0 to \( 2\pi \). **Calculation Steps:** 1. **Identify the Curve:** - The equations describe a unit circle centered at the origin in the Cartesian plane. 2. **Use the Formula for Arc Length of a Parametric Curve:** - The arc length \( L \) of a parametric curve from \( t = a \) to \( t = b \) is given by: \[ L = \int_{a}^{b} \sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2} \, dt \] 3. **Compute Derivatives:** - \( \frac{dx}{dt} = -\sin t \) - \( \frac{dy}{dt} = \cos t \) 4. **Substitute in the Arc Length Formula:** - \( \left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 = \sin^2 t \) - \( \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = \cos^2 t \) - Therefore, \( \left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = \sin^2 t + \cos^2 t = 1 \) 5. **Simplify and Calculate:** - The integral becomes: \[ L = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \sqrt{1} \, dt = \int_{0}^{2\pi} 1 \, dt = [t]_{0}^{2\pi} = 2\pi \] **Conclusion:** The length of the curve, which is the circumference of the unit circle, is \( 2\pi \).
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