Find a general solution to the following higher-order equations. (a) y"' - 5y" + 5y' + 11y = 0 (b) y"' + y" + 3y' - 5y = 0 (c) y" + 10y" + 9y = 0 iv

Calculus: Early Transcendentals
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Author:James Stewart
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Chapter1: Functions And Models
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RCC: (a) What is a function? What are its domain and range? (b) What is the graph of a function? (c) How...
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### Educational Resource: Solving Higher-Order Differential Equations

#### Exercise 4.3.29

##### Problem Statement
Find a general solution to the following higher-order differential equations:

**(a)** \( y''' - 5y'' + 5y' + 11y = 0 \)

**(b)** \( y''' + y'' + 3y' - 5y = 0 \)

**(c)** \( y^{(iv)} + 10y'' + 9y = 0 \)

##### Solution

For each differential equation, the general solution can be found using methods such as the characteristic equation or other applicable techniques for higher-order linear homogeneous differential equations.

1. **Equation (a)**: 
   - Write the characteristic equation corresponding to the differential equation.
   - Solve the characteristic equation for its roots.
   - Depending on the nature of the roots (real and distinct, real and repeated, or complex), write the general solution as a combination of exponential, polynomial, or sinusoidal functions.

2. **Equation (b)**:
   - Follow the same steps as for equation (a) to derive the general solution.

3. **Equation (c)**:
   - Similarly, solve the corresponding characteristic equation and write the general solution.

**(a)** \( y(t) = \boxed{} \)

Graphs and diagrams explaining the characteristic equations and their solutions can be a helpful supplement for understanding the different types of roots and the corresponding general solutions. For example, a diagram illustrating the root types could clarify why certain terms (exponential, sinusoidal, polynomial) appear in the general solutions depending on whether the roots are real or complex. 

### Summary
To master solving higher-order differential equations, practice transforming these equations into characteristic equations and solving for their roots. Each root's nature (real, repeated, or complex) dictates the form of the solution, helping build a comprehensive understanding of differential equations.
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Resource: Solving Higher-Order Differential Equations #### Exercise 4.3.29 ##### Problem Statement Find a general solution to the following higher-order differential equations: **(a)** \( y''' - 5y'' + 5y' + 11y = 0 \) **(b)** \( y''' + y'' + 3y' - 5y = 0 \) **(c)** \( y^{(iv)} + 10y'' + 9y = 0 \) ##### Solution For each differential equation, the general solution can be found using methods such as the characteristic equation or other applicable techniques for higher-order linear homogeneous differential equations. 1. **Equation (a)**: - Write the characteristic equation corresponding to the differential equation. - Solve the characteristic equation for its roots. - Depending on the nature of the roots (real and distinct, real and repeated, or complex), write the general solution as a combination of exponential, polynomial, or sinusoidal functions. 2. **Equation (b)**: - Follow the same steps as for equation (a) to derive the general solution. 3. **Equation (c)**: - Similarly, solve the corresponding characteristic equation and write the general solution. **(a)** \( y(t) = \boxed{} \) Graphs and diagrams explaining the characteristic equations and their solutions can be a helpful supplement for understanding the different types of roots and the corresponding general solutions. For example, a diagram illustrating the root types could clarify why certain terms (exponential, sinusoidal, polynomial) appear in the general solutions depending on whether the roots are real or complex. ### Summary To master solving higher-order differential equations, practice transforming these equations into characteristic equations and solving for their roots. Each root's nature (real, repeated, or complex) dictates the form of the solution, helping build a comprehensive understanding of differential equations.
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