Fill in the name and empirical formula of each ionic compound that could be formed from the ions in this table: cation + Na 4+ Pb Na anion 104 C₂H₂O₂ 10₂ Some ionic compounds empirical formula d name of compound X
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
 alt="Fill in the name and empirical formula of each ionic compound that could be formed from the ions in this table:
cation
Na
4+
Pb
+
Na
anion
IOA
C₂H₂O₂
10₂2
Some ionic compounds
empirical formula
d
name of compound
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 alt="Modern commercial airliners are largely made of aluminum, a light and strong
metal. But the fact that aluminum is cheap enough that airplanes can be made out
of it is a bit of historical luck. Before the discovery of the Hall-Héroult process in
1886, aluminum was as rare and expensive as gold. What would happen if airplanes
had to be made of steel?
The fuselage of the Boeing 777, which can carry 305 passengers, is approximately a
hollow aluminum cylinder without ends, 64.0 m long, 6.2 m wide, and 2.5 mm thick
(see sketch at right).
The fuselage of an airplane
Suppose this fuselage was made of steel (density 7.87 g/cm³) instead of aluminum (density 2.70 g/cm³), and let's say the average passenger has a mass of
81 kg. We'll also assume the engines can't lift any greater mass than they already do.
Calculate the number of passengers that the Boeing 777 could carry if its fuselage was made of steel.
X
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