States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
![**Instructions for Analyzing Bohr Models of Atoms**
Use the Bohr models of atoms provided and a periodic table to complete the data table and answer the question below.
**Guidance**:
- Focus on the electrons in the outermost orbital.
**Question**:
Based on your data table, what parts of the periodic table will allow us to draw Bohr models for atoms and compare their sizes?
*Note: There is an empty area provided for completing this exercise.*](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9a3fd98d-1ca1-4ccd-aee3-22d706602e6b%2F175902e6-15a2-4492-b0f0-a8c4bfcfe971%2Fuiumg7c_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![This image features a table intended to display information about atoms. The table consists of several columns, each labeled for specific atomic details. However, the table's cells are currently empty. Here is a description of the column headings:
1. **Atom Name & Symbol**: This column is meant to display the name and symbol of each atom.
2. **Located in Group A Number**: This column is designed to indicate the group number from the periodic table where the atom is located.
3. **Located in Period Number**: This column should show the period number where the atom can be found on the periodic table.
4. **Number of Orbitals**: This column is set up to display the number of electron orbitals that the atom has.
5. **Number of Valence Electrons**: This column is intended to specify how many valence electrons are present in the atom.
On the left side of the table, there are diagrams depicting atomic structures:
- **Top Diagram**: Shows an atom with a nucleus labeled "+15" and electron shells containing electrons.
- **Middle Diagram**: Displays an atom with "+10" in the nucleus and electrons arranged in different shells.
- **Bottom Diagram**: Exhibits an atom with "+18" in the nucleus and electrons around it.
These diagrams likely represent the electron configurations of specific elements.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9a3fd98d-1ca1-4ccd-aee3-22d706602e6b%2F175902e6-15a2-4492-b0f0-a8c4bfcfe971%2Flwpoek3_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
An atom can be identified by its atomic number which is equal to protons and electrons present in that atom.
According to Bohr model of atom, the electrons are arranged in circular orbits around the nucleus.
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