Mortality due to lung cancer was followed ingroups of males in the United Kingdom for 50 years. FigureQ20–1 shows the cumulative risk of dying from lung can-cer as a function of age and smoking habits for four groupsof males: those who never smoked, those who stopped atage 30, those who stopped at age 50, and those who contin-ued to smoke. These data show clearly that individuals cansubstantially reduce their cumulative risk of dying fromlung cancer by stopping smoking. What do you suppose isthe biological basis for this observation? Figure Q20-1 Cumulativerisk of lung cancer mortalityfor nonsmokers, smokers,and former smokers (Problem20-6). Cumulative risk is therunning total of deaths, as apercentage, for each group.Thus, for continuing smokers,1% died of lung cancerbetween ages 45 and 55; anadditional 4% died betweennever15stopped10stoppedage 50555 and 65 (giving a cumulativerisk of 5%); and 11% moredied between 65 and 75 (for acumulative risk of 16%).stopped- age 30neversmoked455565 75 85age (years)lung cancer mortality, cumulative risk (%)

The mortality rate due to lung cancer in four groups of males: those who never smoked, those who…

Answered: Figure Q20-1 Cumulative risk of lung…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Mortality due to lung cancer was followed in
groups of males in the United Kingdom for 50 years. Figure
Q20–1 shows the cumulative risk of dying from lung can-
cer as a function of age and smoking habits for four groups
of males: those who never smoked, those who stopped at
age 30, those who stopped at age 50, and those who contin-
ued to smoke. These data show clearly that individuals can
substantially reduce their cumulative risk of dying from
lung cancer by stopping smoking. What do you suppose is
the biological basis for this observation?

Figure Q20-1 Cumulative
risk of lung cancer mortality
for nonsmokers, smokers,
and former smokers (Problem
20-6). Cumulative risk is the
running total of deaths, as a
percentage, for each group.
Thus, for continuing smokers,
1% died of lung cancer
between ages 45 and 55; an
additional 4% died between
never
15
stopped
10
stopped
age 50
5
55 and 65 (giving a cumulative
risk of 5%); and 11% more
died between 65 and 75 (for a
cumulative risk of 16%).
stopped
- age 30
never
smoked
45
55
65 75 85
age (years)
lung cancer mortality, cumulative risk (%)

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